Pelvic Girdle and Hip Bones

Question 1

Name 3 joints of the Pelvis

Answer 1

Acetabularfemoral joint, Sacroiliac joint, Pubic symphyses

Question 2

What does ASIS and AIIS stand for and which muscles attach?

Answer 2

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine and Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine.
Hip flexors-
Rectus Femoris (AIIS) , Sartorius (ASIS) , TFL (ASIS)

Question 3

What type of joint is the SacroIliac Joint and what are the functions of it?

Answer 3

Sliding Joint.

Allows shock absorption, transmission of force up the spine, ant and post. pelvic rotation

Question 4

What bones are involved in the lumbosacral joint?

Answer 4

L5 vertebra and sacrum.

Question 5

What type of joint is the Pubic Symphyses and what are the functions of it?

Answer 5

Amphiarthrosis- slightly moveable.

Allows shock absorption and freedom of gliding as less torsion on pelvis halves so can move independently

Question 6

Name the primary hip flexors

Answer 6

Rectus Femoris, Iliopsoas, Sartorius, Tensor Fascia Latae, Pectineus

Question 7

Name the primary hip extensors

Answer 7

Gluteus Maximus, hamstrings

Question 8

Where does the Iliacus originate?

Answer 8

Iliac fossa. off ilium, inner upper surface

Question 9

Where does the psoas originate?

Answer 9

T12-L5 and sacrum. note- att T12 side of vertabral body to L5. Att on transverse process of Lumbar region.

Question 10

Insertion of Iliopsoas muscle

Answer 10

Lesser Trochanter of femur

Question 11

Origin of Rectus Femoris

Answer 11

AIIS anterior inferior iliac spine

Question 12

Insertion of R Femoris

Answer 12

Tibial Tuberosity

Question 13

Origin of Sartorius

Answer 13

ASIS upper iliac spine

Question 14

Insertion of Sartorius

Answer 14

Anteromedial Tibia

Question 15

Origin of TFL

Answer 15

ASIS and assoc with IT band

Question 16

Insertion of TFL

Answer 16

IT band onto lateral tibial condyle

Question 17

What is the function of the Iliotibial band?

Answer 17

Transmit force of TFL

Question 18

Origin and insertion points of the Pectineus

Answer 18

O: Pubis
I: Medial Femur

Question 19

Where does the Gluteus Maximus originate?

Answer 19

Posterior quarter of Iliac crest, posterior coccyx and sacrum near ilium, fascia of lumbar area

Question 20

Insertion of G.Max

Answer 20

Oblique ridge lateral greater trochanter and IT band

Question 21

What movement does the LoP of G.Max allow?

Answer 21

Hip extension- moves femur back and up

External rotation at hip.

Question 22

Name the muscles that make up the hamstrings

Answer 22

Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus
Smeimembranous

Question 23

What is the origin of Biceps Femoris long head?

Answer 23

Ischial Tuberosity

Question 24

What is the origin of B Femoris Short head?

Answer 24

Linea Aspera

Question 25

Where does B Femoris insert?

Answer 25

Lateral aspect of head of fibula

Question 26

Why does the B Femoris short head not contribute to hip extension?

Answer 26

It is not biarticular

Question 27

Origin and Insertion of Semitendinosus

Answer 27

O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Tibial Tuberosity

Question 28

Origin and Insertion of Semimembranosus

Answer 28

O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Medial tibial condyle

Question 29

Where is the Semimembranosus positioned?

Answer 29

deep to semitendinosus

Question 30

What actions occur at the hip?

Answer 30

Abduction/ Adduction and Rotation

Question 31

In what plane and axis does ABD/ADD take place?

Answer 31

Frontal plane, sagittal axis

Question 32

In what plane and axis does rotation take place?

Answer 32

Transverse plane, longitudinal axis

Question 33

Name the muscles that contribute to hip adduction

Answer 33

Adductor Brevis, Adductor Longus, Adductor Magnus, Pectineus, Gracilis.

Question 34

Where do adductor muscles orginate?

Answer 34

Pubis

Question 35

Which adductors insert onto the Linea Aspera?

Answer 35

Add. Longus (proximal LA) , Magnus (distal LA) and Brevis (Med 1/3 LA)

Question 36

Attachment points of Add. Magnus

Answer 36

O: Ischial Tub and pubis I: distal LA and medial condyle of femur

Question 37

What is the Linea Aspera?

Answer 37

Longitudinal ridge on posterior middle femur bone creating a medial and lateral lip for attachment.

Question 38

Origin and insertion of pectineus

Answer 38

O: anterior pubis I: inferior to lesser trochanter

Question 39

What movements does the Pectineus allow due to the position of its attachment points?

Answer 39

Attachment points create a slight forward angle therefore allowing flexion and adduction

Question 40

Gracilis insertion

Answer 40

Anteromedial tibia

Question 41

Which muscles allow hip abduction?

Answer 41

G.Medius, G.Minimus

Question 42

Where do Gmin and Gmed insert?

Answer 42

Greater trochanter of femur

Question 43

Where does G.Med originate?

Answer 43

Lateral ilium below crest

Question 44

Where does G.Min originate?

Answer 44

Lateral ilium below G.Med

Question 45

How do these muscles allow hip abduction?

Answer 45

Positioned on lateral hip, LoP upwards.

Question 46

Which muscles allow external rotation of the hip?

Answer 46

6 deep external rotator muscles and G.Max

Question 47

Hip Internal rotators

Answer 47

no primary muscles, LoP of muscles all contribute

Question 48

What issue is presented in Lombard's Paradox?

Answer 48

Sitting down involves hip and knee extension. R. Femoris is agonist for knee extension but antagonist for hip flexion.

Question 49

When lumbar flexion occurs, ____ also occurs

Answer 49

Anterior pelvic rotation

Question 50

When lumbar extension occurs, ___ also occurs

Answer 50

Posterior pelvic rotation

Question 51

When anterior pelvic rotation occurs, ____ also occurs

Answer 51

Lumbar extension

Question 52

When posterior pelvic rotation occurs, ____ also occurs

Answer 52

Lumbar flexion

Question 53

Characteristics of Femoroacetabular Impingement

Answer 53

abnormal growth/ deformation of acetabulum or femur. Causes butting together of the bones at end range, damaging cartilage. May lead to osteoarthiritus Common in younge people and athletic groups

Question 54

Characteristics of IT band syndrome

Answer 54

Tightness caused by inflammation on lateral aspect of the knee or friction between IT band and lateral condyles of femur

Question 55

Possible causes of IT syndrome

Answer 55

Hill running, breaststroke swimming

Question 56

What muscle is commonly injured in hamstring strain

Answer 56

Biceps Femoris

Question 57

Causes of hamstring strain?

Answer 57

Fatigue, previous strains, strength imbalance, poor flexibility