Peers/Parents2 Flashcards
TIME SPENT:
Age 10 - ___% spent with family, ___% away
Age 18 - ___% spent with family, ___% away
Age 10 - 35% spent with family, 55% away
Age 18 - 14% spent with family, 86% away
North American adolescents spend _____ more waking hours with peers than parents/siblings.
2 to 4
If an adolescent is securely attached to their parents, how is their attachment to their peers?
It is the same - secure. The inverse is also true.
Define Reference Group
Adolescents look to their peers for a source of influence - these peers are the reference group.
Reference groups can be…
Normative: expected actions that must be performed and Comparative: evaluating oneself in relation to others.
Reference groups also serve as an audience that observes, evaluates, and reacts.
Social models within reference groups typically are…
similar to us, having some status, and holding social power
Adolescents are more likely to conform to their peers if…
They are changing schools
They are uncertain about their social identity
Low self-esteem, high anxiety
If they are in the presence of someone who has higher social status (admiration) or power (resources)
Adolescents learn symmetrical reciprocity in relationships, which means…
They learn their actions have consequences that will return to them, as will their peers.
What is Sociometric status?
What do sociometric studies focus on?
The extent to which adolescents are liked/disliked.
The structure and connections a given adolescent has within a given group.
Name and describe the 5 sociometric statuses.
Average - regular number of positive and negative
Neglected - not nominated as a best friend, but not disliked by peers (shy)
Controversial - frequently best friend, but some negative too
‘Popular’ - rarely disliked: calm, friendly, outgoing, attractive etc.
Strong social skills
Careful listener
Open lines of communication
Control negative emotions, show enthusiasm & concern for others
Rejected- actively disliked by their peers
More serious adjustment problems
Rejected-aggressive: high in open physical aggression, poor friendship adjustment, disruptive, hostile, and anti-social
Rejected-withdrawn: socially immature, timid, shy, lonely, unable to form lasting connection
Perceived popularity
Popularity does not equate to kindness or anything like that… instead it is who has power.
Popular preadolescent boys come in two types:
Models - cool, cooperative, unaggressive
Tough - athletic, disruptive, a little more delinquent
Relational aggression is…
Intentionally harming someone’s personal and social relationships. Not gender-specific.
Hostile Attributional Bias in teens manifests as:
the tendency to assume hostile intent in ambiguous actions - aggressive teens will respond with hostility.
As adolescents mature, they begin to increase their understanding of others. How does this manifest?
More logic and abstract thinking
Deeper and more sophisticated understanding of how people function
Ability to think about multiple aspects/possibilities within social situations
Perspective taking increases
Boys with peer adjustment difficulties tend to have a _____-_____ mind.
Single-track
T/F: Role playing can help boys with peer adjustment difficulties.
True.
T/F: Status changes over time in adolescence.
False. It tends to stay pretty stable over time.
The age threshold for ‘easily’ improving social skills is _______
10 years of age.
What is the best kind of learning activity to use to improve social skills?
Cooperative learning (at an appropriate difficulty level)
Conglomerate Strategies for improving social skills include (5 items)
Demonstration
Modeling
Individual/Group discussion
Reasoning
Reinforcement
4 Keys for Anti-Bullying Mandates
Education - awareness and commitment to address bullying
Assessment - evaluate the extent of bullying
Intervention - provide guidelines and tools to reduce bullying
Policy - must be school-wide
