PEDS QUIZ #1

Question 1

Piaget’s Theory

Answer 1

• Sensorymotor 0-2 yrs- cordination of senses with motor response, sensory curiosity about world. language used for demand and cataloguing. object permanence developed.
• preoperational 2-7 yrs- symbolic thinking, use of proper syntax and grammar to express full concepts. imagination and intuition are strong, but complex abstract thought still difficult. conservation developed.
• Concrete operational 7-11 yrs- concepts attached to concrete situations. Time, space and quantity understood and can be applied, but not as indipendant concepts.
• Formal Operations 11+ - Theoretical, hypothetical, and counterfactual thinking. abstract logic and reasoning. Stragety and planningbecome possible. Concepts learned in one context can be applied to another.

Question 2

Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual Stages

Answer 2

• Oral Stage 0-1 yrs- Children derive pleasure from oral activities, including sucking and tasting. They like to put things in their mouths.
• Anal Stage 2-3 yrs- Children begin potty training.
• Phallic Stage 3-6 yrs- Boys are more attached to their mother, ahile girls are more attached to their father.
• Latency Stage 6 yrs - puberty- Children spend more time and interact mostly with same sex peers.
• Genital Stage beyond puberty- Individuals are attracted to opposite sex peers.

Question 3

Maslow’s Needs

Answer 3

1. Physiological Needs- Food, water, warmth, and rest.
2. Safety Needs- Security and safety.
3. Belogingness and love needs- intimate relationships, friends.
4. Esteem Needs- Prestige and feeling of acomplishment.
5. Self Actualization- achieving one’s full potential, including creative activities.

Question 4

Erickson’s Theory of Development

Answer 4

• infant-18 mos- Trust vs. mistrust
• 18m-3 yrs- Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
• 3-5 yrs Initiative vs. Guilt
• 5-13 yrs Industry vs. inferiority
• 13-21 yrs identity vs. role confusion
• 21-39 yrs intimacy vs. isolation
• 40-65 yrs generativity vs. stagnation
• 65 and older- ego integrity vs. despair

Question 5

At what month does the posterior and anterior fontanelle close?

Answer 5

posterior- 2 months

Anterior- 9-18 mos

Question 6

Baby weight doubles and triples by what age?

Answer 6

doubles at 6 mos

triples at 12 mos

Question 7

Leading cause of death in toddlers?

Answer 7

Accident, unintentional injuries

Question 8

Vitals for 4 yr old

Answer 8

• RR 20-30
• HR 80-120

Question 9

Toddler with sleeping problems

Answer 9

encourage night light, favorite stuffed animal, or blanket.

Question 10

sleeping position for baby

Answer 10

Supine

Question 11

When do we offer pacifier to baby?

Answer 11

When sleeping only if they can latch well

Question 12

Shoul baby sleep next to anybody?

Answer 12

NO

Question 13

Preschool Age BP

Answer 13

85-90/60’s

Question 14

Age 3 parallel vs associative play?

Answer 14

Parallel is independent -side by side

Associative- some ocassional association

Question 15

Imaginary friend nursing action?

Answer 15

• Invistigate, ask ?, mental health?
• normal for preschool age
• dont ask how well they play

Question 16

infant to toddlers

Answer 16

put everything in their mouth

Question 17

Toddler toys

Answer 17

pull, push and squeeze

Question 18

10 month old development

Answer 18

doesnt reconize object by name

cant turn pages of book

should be able to sit on own

Question 19

Car seat safety

Answer 19

• secure carseat with seatbelt not just anchors
• keep rear facing until age 2 or length

Question 20

15 Month Safety shit

Answer 20

• No popcorn/marshmallows
• no diaper powder
• dont store corosive sin glass
• dont put plants on ground
• dont place furniture by windows
• dont place infant in front seat, if needed rear facing and turn off airbag

Question 21

Most appropriate toy for a 4 yr old is?

Answer 21

Modeling clay

Question 22

Head Lag

Answer 22

Infant should be able to lift head to chin briefly, head lag normal when lifted from supine, after 6 months significant head lag not normal.

Question 23

12 months emerging pattern of behavior

Answer 23

• Motor: walks with one hand held, rises independantly: takes several steps.
• Adaptive: picks up pellet with pincer action of thumb and forefinger, releases object to another person upon request.
• language: says “mama” , “dada” and a few similar words.
• Social: plays simple ball game; makes postural adjustments to dressing.

Question 24

15 month development

Answer 24

• Motor: walks alone, crawls up stairs
• Adaptive: makes tower of 3 cubes, makes a line with crayons, inserts pellet in bottle.
• Language: Jargon: follows simple commandsa, may name a familiar object (ball).
• Social: Indicates some desires or needs by pointing: hugs caregivers.

Question 25

18 mos development

Answer 25

• Motor: Runs stiffly, sits on small chair, walks up stairs with one hand held, explors drawers and wastebaskets.
• Adaptive: makes tower of four cubes, imitates vertical stroke, imitates scribbling, dumps pellets from bottle.
• Language: 10 words (average) names pictures, identifies 1 or more body parts.
• Social: Feeds self, seeks help when in trouble, may complain when wet or soiled, kisses caregivers with pucker.

Question 26

2 yrs development

Answer 26

• Motor: runs well, walks up and down stairs: one step at a time, climbs on furniture, jumps.
• Adaptive: tower of seven cubes ( 6 at 21mos), circular scribbling, imitates horix=zontal strokes, folds paper once imitatively.
• Language: puts 3 words together, (subject, verb, object),
• Social: handles spoon well, often tell immediate experiences, helps to undress, listents to stories with pictures, plays in parallel with other children.

Question 27

2 1/2 yrs development

Answer 27

• Motor: goes up stairs alternating feet
• Adaptive: tower of nine cubes, makes vertical and horizontal strokes, but generally will not join them to make a cross. imitates circular stroke, forming a closed figure.
• Language: refers to self by pronoun ‘I” knows full name
• Social: helps put things away, pretends in play

Question 28

3 yrs development

Answer 28

• Motor: Rides tricycle: stands momentaarily on one foot
• Adaptive: tower of 10 cubes: imitates construction of bridge of 3 cubes, copies a circle, imitates a cross.
• Language: knows age and sex: counts 3 objects correctly, repeats 3 numbers or a sentence of 6 syllables.
• Social: plays simple games, ( cooperative play is highly imaginative) helps in dressing (unbottons, and puts shoues on) washes hands.

Question 29

4 yrs development

Answer 29

• Motor; hops on 1 foot, throws ball overhead, uses scissors to cut out pictures, climbs well
• Adaptive: Copies bridge from model, imitates construction of “gate” of five cubes, copies cross and square, draws a man with 2 or 4 parts besides head, identifies longer of two lines.
• Language: counts 4 pennies accurately, tells a story.
• Social: plays with several children with the beginning of social interaction and role playing. goes to toilet alone.

Question 30

5 yrs development

Answer 30

• Motor: skips
• Adaptive: draws triangle from copy, identifies heavier of 2 items.
• Language: names 4 colors, repeats sentence of 10 syllables, counts 10 pennies correctly.
• Social: dresses and undresses, asks questions about meaning of words, domestic role playing.
  *

Question 31

Age terminology

Answer 31

• Fetus- 9th wk to birth
• Neonate- birth to 4 wks
• Infant- 4 wk to 12 months
• Toddler- 1 to 3 yrs
• Preschool- 3 to 6 yrs
• School age 6 to 12 yrs
• Adolescent 12 to 18 yrs

Question 32

Newborn averages

Answer 32

• Ht 20 in 50 cm
• > 2.5 cm 1 in every 1 month the 1st 6 mos
• Wt 2.72 kg to 4.09 kg 6-9 lbs