Peds pulmonology Flashcards
An infant with frequent pulmonal infections may have the following disease:
A) mucoviscidosis
B) hypogammaglobulinaemia
C) chronic granulomatous disease
D) all the above mentioned
D) all the above mentioned
The following statements about newborn’s pneumothorax are true, except one. Which one is the exception?
A) neonatal hypoxic conditions and their respiratory treatment are the main causes
B) in the case of ventilation pneumothorax, the ipsilateral lobe is compressed, which can lead to a shock
C) transillumination is a good supplementation to physical examination
D) if the newborn was on a respirator, it must be taken off from the machine
E) a tensional or high-grade pneumothorax should be detensionated and a long-term suction should be introduced
D) if the newborn was on a respirator, it must be taken off from the machine
The following statements are characteristic for pulmonary sequestration, except one. Which one is the exception?
A) the sequestered segment is not connected to the bronchial system
B) is mainly located in the upper lobe
C) may lead to repeated pneumonias
D) the sequestrated part must be removed by surgery
E) its blood flow is not from the pulmonary artery
B) is mainly located in the upper lobe
The following statements are characteristic for congenital bronchial stenosis, except one. Which one?
A) the cause is the immaturity and softness of the cartilage
B) the secretion can accumulate after the stenosis
C) the hardening of the cartilage can be facilitated with the administration of vitamin D
D) the use of cough suppressors is prohibited
E) it can be diagnosed by bronchoscopy
C) the hardening of the cartilage can be facilitated with the administration of vitamin D
The following statements are true about the neonatal pneumonia, except one. Which one?
A) can develop intrauterine, intrapartum, or postnatally
B) predispositions are the preterm rupture of the membrane, and maternal infections
C) a common pathogen is group B Streptococcus
D) symptoms are similar to RDS
E) elevated serum IgG level is an evidence of a conatal pneumonia
E) elevated serum IgG level is an evidence of a conatal pneumonia
The following statements are true for an acute tonsillitis, except one. Which one?
A) can be caused by bacteria, viruses and fungal infections
B) a complication can be a rheumatic fever
C) the most common pathogen is Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) often accompanied with cervical lymphadenitis
E) a few days of fever
F) fluid intake is often difficult due to the swollen tonsils
C) the most common pathogen is Streptococcus pneumoniae
Tonsillectomy is required, except one. Which one?
A) frequently repeated follicular tonsillitis with fever
B) tonsillitis with peritonsillar abscess
C) tonsillitis with retropharyngeal abscess
D) repetitive upper respiratory tract infections
E) suspect of an intratonsillar tumor
D) repetitive upper respiratory tract infections
Which diagnostic test result is a proof of mucoviscidosis?
A) decreased xylose absorption
B) reduced vitalcapacity
C) reduced bile acid levels in duodenal excretion
D) steatorrhoea
E) a sweat Cl- concentration above 60 mmol/l
F) cor pulmonale
E) a sweat Cl- concentration above 60 mmol/l
Characteristics of pseudocroup, except one:
A) usually occurs at night
B) coughing, stridor can be detected
C) is common in infants and toddlers
D) is mostly caused by bacterial infection
E) cool air, sitting position helps
D) is mostly caused by bacterial infection
The following diseases can be the complications of acute tonsillitis, except one. Which one?
A) lymphadenitis colli
B) acute febris rheumatica
C) sepsis
D) chronic rheumatoid arthritis
E) glomerulonephritis acuta
D) chronic rheumatoid arthritis
The following statements are true for retropharyngeal abscess, except one. Which one is the exception?
A) complication of a purulent pharyngitis
B) disturbs swallowing
C) causes a laryngeal edema
D) head positioning resembles to meningism
E) spontaneous opening of the abscess should be preferred instead of surgery
F) laryngoscopy is required for the diagnosis
G) submandibular lymphadenitis is always present
E) spontaneous opening of the abscess should be preferred instead of surgery
The following statements are true for acute epiglottitis, except one. Which one is the exception?
A) slow progression
B) high fever, restlessness
C) dyspnea, cyanosis, backward head position
D) can lead to suffocation
A) slow progression
What kind of antimicrobial therapy would you apply in epiglottitis and why?
A) I would not use any antimicrobial treatment, as epiglottitis is caused by viruses
B) I would administer acyclovir, as the most common pathogens are Herpes viruses
C) III. generation cephalosporin, as the most common pathogen is Haemophilus influenzae
D) Vancomycin treatment, as epiglottitis is a result of a staphylococcal infection
C) III. generation cephalosporin, as the most common pathogen is Haemophilus influenzae
The most common pathogen in bronchiolitis?
A) Haemophilus influenzae
B) Pneumococcus
C) coxsackie virus
D) Streptococcus haemolyticus
E) respiratory syncytial virus
E) respiratory syncytial virus
Most common causes of chronic bronchitis, except one. Which one?
A) community acquired repetitive infections
B) allergy
C) sinusitis
D) mucoviscidosis
E) IgE deficiency
E) IgE deficiency
A wheezy bronchitis (so called bronchitis obstructiva) can be called infant’s or toddler’s asthma. One statement is false. Which one?
A) more common in infants and toddlers, than in later ages
B) malnutrition is a predisposition
C) physical finding is expiratory dyspnea
D) high fever is not common
B) malnutrition is a predisposition
The following factors are present in the pathogenesis of asthma bronchiale, with one exception. Which one?
A) hyperreactivity of the bronchial system
B) IgE mediated antigen antibody response
C) smoking, humid air inhalation
D) physical stress
E) adrenergic drugs
F) psychological effects
E) adrenergic drugs
Which of the following treatments are prohibited in severe asthma?
A) increased fluid intake
B) β -receptor agonists
C) β-receptor antagonists
D) theophylline and its derivatives
E) corticosteroid
C) β-receptor antagonists
The assessment of an asthmatic child’s clinical condition is based on the following, except one:
A) frequency of night complaints
B) frequency of beta-2-agonist demand
C) total serum IgE level
D) assessment of the everyday limitations
E) frequency of daytime complaints
C) total serum IgE level
Can show the clinical symptoms of wheezy bronchitis or asthma bronchial, except one. Which one?
A) abnormal aortic arch (vascular ring)
B) cystic fibrosis
C) main bronchi stenosis
D) untreated celiac disease
E) vitium with pulmonary overflow
F) a chronic foreign body in the airways
D) untreated celiac disease
These pathogens are most likely to cause a pneumonia among school-age children (only one answer is correct):
A) Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae
B) Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli
C) Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus
D) group B Streptococcus
A) Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae
The complications of pneumonia complications do not include one of the following. Which one?
A) pulmonary fibrosis
B) empyema
C) bronchiectasia
D) sepsis
E) abscess formation
A) pulmonary fibrosis
To differentiate between bacterial and viral pneumonia these statements are true, except one. Which one is incorrect?
A) in viral pneumonia the white blood cell count is lower than in bacterial pneumonia
B) viral pneumonia in infants are always mild
C) the progression of viral pneumonia is slower
D) lobar infiltrate refers to bacterial etiology
B) viral pneumonia in infants are always mild
Cytomegalovirus pneumonia does not occur in one case. Which one?
A) after renal transplantation
B) in AIDS
C) in respiratory distress syndrome
D) in case of immunosuppressive therapy
E) in other opportunistic infection
C) in respiratory distress syndrome
What is typical for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection? There is only answer correct. Which one is that?
A) typical for infants
B) fulminant process
C) mild cough
D) Incubation period is couple if weeks
E) Mainly alveolar
D) Incubation period is couple if weeks
One of the following helmints does not cause eosinophil pneumonia. Which one is that?
A) Oxyuris vermicularis
B) Ascaris lumbricoides
C) Toxocara canis
D) Toxocara catis
A) Oxyuris vermicularis
One of the followings cases we have to think to foreign body aspiration. Which one is that?
A) swallowing is regularly and permanently painful
B) swallowing liquids is easily possible, but the solid food gets stucked
C) coughing attack and vomiturition during eating
D) coughing only appears in lying position
E) unusual amount of hiccups/singultus and burps appear
C) coughing attack and vomiturition during eating
A 3-year-old child, who goes to nursery, has serial mild, spontaneously healing airway infections. What do you think first?
A) immunglobulin deficiency
B) cellular immunodefeciency
C) the various possible infections originated from the environment
D) feeding deficiency
E) vitamin C deficiency
F) rachitis
C) the various possible infections originated from the environment
