Peds/Neonate Flashcards
IV Epi Dose=
0.01 mg/kg
ETT Epi Dose=
0.1 mg/kg
The most common cause of resp distress in preterm infants (born before 28-32 wks) is ________
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Caused by deficiency of surfactant
Subtle Seizure=
repetitive motions such as mouth and tongue movements, bicycling, eye deviation, blinking, staring and apnea
PDA dependent =
Use Prostaglandins
ETT size calc:
Above 1 yr (Age +16)/4
Full Term: 3.5
Preterm: 3.0
< 28 weeks: 2.5
ETT depth calc:
< 1 yr = 6 + weight in kg
> 1 yr = ETT size x 3
or
Age/2 + 12
PPHN causes what kind of shunt?
Right to Left
Side effects of prostaglandin
Apnea and Hypoventilation
Meds used to accelerate closure of PDA=
Indomethacin
Ibuprofen
Urinary output in peds =
1-2 cc/kg/hr
Ominous sign in peds =
Hypotension and Bradycardia
Lab test used to diagnosis Reye syndrome
Ammonia Level
APGAR test results =
7-10 Generally Normal
4-6 Fairly low
< 3 Critical
Profound Anion Gap think ________
Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
Ped airway anatomy differs from adult anatomy in the following ways:
Airway diameter is smaller
The larynx is located more anterior
The epiglottis is long and narrow and angled away from the trachea
In kids less then 10 the narrowest portion of the trachea is the cricoid process
What X-ray finding would you expect to see with laryngotracheobronchitis?
Steeple Sign
Hypoglycemia is the neonate should be treated with _________
D10% 2-4 ml/kg
Nasal intubation should not be performed on pt’s less then _____ years of age
12
Epiglottis X-ray Findings=
Thumb Print Sign
Neonate Fluid Resuscitation =
10 ml/kg
Formula for determining weight of a child
(age in yrs x 2) + 8
When identifying the umbilical vein in relation to the umbilical arteries it is usually located the ____ o’clock position
12
The circulating blood volume in a child is _______
70-80 ml/kg
The circulating blood volume in a Term NEONATE is _______
80-90 ml/kg
A surgical airway can be placed through the cricothyroid membrane on a child older then _____
11
_________ is the most common cause of new-onset wheezing in children
Bronchiolitis
Do NOT ________ to pt’s with a snake bite.
Compression techniques including ice therapy
Esphogeal Atresia treatment =
Elevate the head of the bed to prevent gastric reflux
Fontanelles anterior closes at ______ mo and posterior and closes at _____ mo
12-18 months
2 months
Children will not demonstrate hypotension until acute blood loss totals approx _____ of the circulation blood volume.
25%
Oxygen consumption in infants is _______ that of adults.
Double
The circulating blood volume in a Premature NEONATE is _______
90-100 ml/kg
4/2/1 Fluid
4 ml/kg for 1st 10 kg
2 ml/kg for 2nd 10 kg
1 ml/kg for every kg over 20 kg
For over 20 kg just add 40 to the weight
Hypoglycemia Neonate when < _____
Hypoglycemia Child when < _______
30mg/DL
40mg/DL
To treat hypoglycemia in kids use ______
D25
Peds Cardioversion
0.5-1.0 J/kg on synch
Defib in Peds
2J/kg the 4J/kg
Peds Atropine Dose
0.02 mg/kg min 0.1 max 0.5
The single largest cause of traumatic death in peds is _________
Motor vehicle related injury
Wadell’s Triad
Common injuries when a child is struck by a car.
- Head
- Trunk
- Extremities
_______ is the most common organ injured in child abuse cases
Skin
Who should use an issolette?
<10 lb or 30 days corrected age
Hot kids are _______ and _________
Fussy and tachycardic
Cold kids are ______ and _______
obtunded and bradycardic/hypotensive
In peds for every degree above 37 the HR increases by ____ and the resp rate increases by ______
20
10
Infant Vent Management standard of care is
Pressure targeted ventilation
Infant ITime=
> 0.5 sec
Infant PEEP
0-5
Infant PIP
15-20
Volume targeted ventilation is typical after ____ mo of age
6 mo
Child vT
6-12 ml/kg
Child PEEP
0-5 cm
Child PIP
< 30-40 cm H20
2 common causes seizures in neonate/infant
- Hypoglycemia
2. Febrile
Diaphgramatic Hernia Treatment
Intubate
OG to Suction
Choanal Atresia Treatment
Oral Airway Access
Suctioning Order post birth
Mouth then Nose
Minimize ______ with TEF
Positive Pressure Ventilation till intubated
Acyanotic Lesion
Blood returning to the RA has passed through the lungs like normal
________ is the most common congenital heart defect
VSD
Acyanotic Presentation
CHF like symptoms
Pulmonary overload and CHF/Pulmonary Edema Symptoms
Acyanotic is _________ to ______ shunt
left to right
Cyanotic is a ______ to _____ shunt
right to left
Cyanotic Lesion
Any condition with true mixing of unoxygenated and oxygenated blood.
Commonly causes a cyanotic appearance
Cyanotic lesion are commonly ____ dependent
PDA
With Cyanotic Lesion you should avoid ______
Any stimulus that cause a cough (suctioning, pain, acidosis)
How to get D10 from D50
The simplest way is getting a D50 syringe and removing 40 mL of it. Just waste that 40 mL leaving 10 mL in the syringe. Fill the D50 syringe back up with 40 mL of sterile water. You now have 50 mL’s of D10.
How to get D25 out of D50
To make D25% discard 25 ml out of one amp of D50, then draw 25 ml of NS or sterile water into the D50 amp
PDA creates a ________ to _______ shunt
left to right
To Close PDA use ________
To Maintain Patency of PDA use ________
- Oxygen, Indomethicin
2. Prostaglandin
VSD treatment:
Preload Reduction such as lasix
VSD is usually a _______ to _______ shunt
left to right
Tetrology of Fallot is a _______ to _______ shunt
Right to Left
