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Flight Paramedic > Peds/Neonate > Flashcards

Peds/Neonate Flashcards

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1
Q

IV Epi Dose=

A

0.01 mg/kg

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2
Q

ETT Epi Dose=

A

0.1 mg/kg

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3
Q

The most common cause of resp distress in preterm infants (born before 28-32 wks) is ________

A

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Caused by deficiency of surfactant

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4
Q

Subtle Seizure=

A

repetitive motions such as mouth and tongue movements, bicycling, eye deviation, blinking, staring and apnea

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5
Q

PDA dependent =

A

Use Prostaglandins

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6
Q

ETT size calc:

A

Above 1 yr (Age +16)/4
Full Term: 3.5
Preterm: 3.0
< 28 weeks: 2.5

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7
Q

ETT depth calc:

A

< 1 yr = 6 + weight in kg
> 1 yr = ETT size x 3
or
Age/2 + 12

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8
Q

PPHN causes what kind of shunt?

A

Right to Left

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9
Q

Side effects of prostaglandin

A

Apnea and Hypoventilation

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10
Q

Meds used to accelerate closure of PDA=

A

Indomethacin

Ibuprofen

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11
Q

Urinary output in peds =

A

1-2 cc/kg/hr

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12
Q

Ominous sign in peds =

A

Hypotension and Bradycardia

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13
Q

Lab test used to diagnosis Reye syndrome

A

Ammonia Level

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14
Q

APGAR test results =

A

7-10 Generally Normal
4-6 Fairly low
< 3 Critical

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15
Q

Profound Anion Gap think ________

A

Ethylene Glycol Poisoning

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16
Q

Ped airway anatomy differs from adult anatomy in the following ways:

A

Airway diameter is smaller
The larynx is located more anterior
The epiglottis is long and narrow and angled away from the trachea
In kids less then 10 the narrowest portion of the trachea is the cricoid process

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17
Q

What X-ray finding would you expect to see with laryngotracheobronchitis?

A

Steeple Sign

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18
Q

Hypoglycemia is the neonate should be treated with _________

A

D10% 2-4 ml/kg

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19
Q

Nasal intubation should not be performed on pt’s less then _____ years of age

A

12

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20
Q

Epiglottis X-ray Findings=

A

Thumb Print Sign

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21
Q

Neonate Fluid Resuscitation =

A

10 ml/kg

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22
Q

Formula for determining weight of a child

A

(age in yrs x 2) + 8

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23
Q

When identifying the umbilical vein in relation to the umbilical arteries it is usually located the ____ o’clock position

A

12

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24
Q

The circulating blood volume in a child is _______

A

70-80 ml/kg

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25
Q

The circulating blood volume in a Term NEONATE is _______

A

80-90 ml/kg

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26
Q

A surgical airway can be placed through the cricothyroid membrane on a child older then _____

A

11

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27
Q

_________ is the most common cause of new-onset wheezing in children

A

Bronchiolitis

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28
Q

Do NOT ________ to pt’s with a snake bite.

A

Compression techniques including ice therapy

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29
Q

Esphogeal Atresia treatment =

A

Elevate the head of the bed to prevent gastric reflux

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30
Q

Fontanelles anterior closes at ______ mo and posterior and closes at _____ mo

A

12-18 months

2 months

31
Q

Children will not demonstrate hypotension until acute blood loss totals approx _____ of the circulation blood volume.

A

25%

32
Q

Oxygen consumption in infants is _______ that of adults.

A

Double

33
Q

The circulating blood volume in a Premature NEONATE is _______

A

90-100 ml/kg

34
Q

4/2/1 Fluid

A

4 ml/kg for 1st 10 kg
2 ml/kg for 2nd 10 kg
1 ml/kg for every kg over 20 kg

For over 20 kg just add 40 to the weight

35
Q

Hypoglycemia Neonate when < _____

Hypoglycemia Child when < _______

A

30mg/DL

40mg/DL

36
Q

To treat hypoglycemia in kids use ______

A

D25

37
Q

Peds Cardioversion

A

0.5-1.0 J/kg on synch

38
Q

Defib in Peds

A

2J/kg the 4J/kg

39
Q

Peds Atropine Dose

A

0.02 mg/kg min 0.1 max 0.5

40
Q

The single largest cause of traumatic death in peds is _________

A

Motor vehicle related injury

41
Q

Wadell’s Triad

A

Common injuries when a child is struck by a car.

  1. Head
  2. Trunk
  3. Extremities
42
Q

_______ is the most common organ injured in child abuse cases

A

Skin

43
Q

Who should use an issolette?

A

<10 lb or 30 days corrected age

44
Q

Hot kids are _______ and _________

A

Fussy and tachycardic

45
Q

Cold kids are ______ and _______

A

obtunded and bradycardic/hypotensive

46
Q

In peds for every degree above 37 the HR increases by ____ and the resp rate increases by ______

A

20

10

47
Q

Infant Vent Management standard of care is

A

Pressure targeted ventilation

48
Q

Infant ITime=

A

> 0.5 sec

49
Q

Infant PEEP

A

0-5

50
Q

Infant PIP

A

15-20

51
Q

Volume targeted ventilation is typical after ____ mo of age

A

6 mo

52
Q

Child vT

A

6-12 ml/kg

53
Q

Child PEEP

A

0-5 cm

54
Q

Child PIP

A

< 30-40 cm H20

55
Q

2 common causes seizures in neonate/infant

A
  1. Hypoglycemia

2. Febrile

56
Q

Diaphgramatic Hernia Treatment

A

Intubate

OG to Suction

57
Q

Choanal Atresia Treatment

A

Oral Airway Access

58
Q

Suctioning Order post birth

A

Mouth then Nose

59
Q

Minimize ______ with TEF

A

Positive Pressure Ventilation till intubated

60
Q

Acyanotic Lesion

A

Blood returning to the RA has passed through the lungs like normal

61
Q

________ is the most common congenital heart defect

A

VSD

62
Q

Acyanotic Presentation

A

CHF like symptoms

Pulmonary overload and CHF/Pulmonary Edema Symptoms

63
Q

Acyanotic is _________ to ______ shunt

A

left to right

64
Q

Cyanotic is a ______ to _____ shunt

A

right to left

65
Q

Cyanotic Lesion

A

Any condition with true mixing of unoxygenated and oxygenated blood.
Commonly causes a cyanotic appearance

66
Q

Cyanotic lesion are commonly ____ dependent

A

PDA

67
Q

With Cyanotic Lesion you should avoid ______

A

Any stimulus that cause a cough (suctioning, pain, acidosis)

68
Q

How to get D10 from D50

A

The simplest way is getting a D50 syringe and removing 40 mL of it. Just waste that 40 mL leaving 10 mL in the syringe. Fill the D50 syringe back up with 40 mL of sterile water. You now have 50 mL’s of D10.

69
Q

How to get D25 out of D50

A

To make D25% discard 25 ml out of one amp of D50, then draw 25 ml of NS or sterile water into the D50 amp

70
Q

PDA creates a ________ to _______ shunt

A

left to right

71
Q

To Close PDA use ________

To Maintain Patency of PDA use ________

A
  1. Oxygen, Indomethicin

2. Prostaglandin

72
Q

VSD treatment:

A

Preload Reduction such as lasix

73
Q

VSD is usually a _______ to _______ shunt

A

left to right

74
Q

Tetrology of Fallot is a _______ to _______ shunt

A

Right to Left

Flight Paramedic (14 decks)

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