Peds Diabetes and Thyroid Disease

Question 1

What are features of T I DM?

Answer 1

Most common cause of Diabetes under age 40

Insulin Dependant

Question 2

What is the Pathophysiology of T1 DM?

Answer 2

Immunologic or Lymphocytic Mediated damage to Pancreatic Islet Cells

Question 3

What is the Clinical Presentation of T1DM?

Answer 3

Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia, DKA

Random Glucose >300 or Fasting glucose >200

Question 4

What is the Tx for T1DM?

Answer 4

2/3 of the insulin in the morning, 1/3 in 30-60 min b4 dinner
non-ketotic patients may only require .25units/kg/day

Question 5

What are the 10 Principles of Dietary Tx of T1DM?

Answer 5

1. Well Balanced Diet
2. Consistent day to day intake
3. eat at same time every day
4. Snacks
5. Avoid pure sugar food
6. Reduce Chol, total and sat fat intake
7. Maint approp wt for ht
8. Inc fiber intake
9. Avoid food high in salt
10. Avoid excessive protein intake

Question 6

What are the means of management and monitoring in DM?

Answer 6

Blood Glucose Monitoring
Urine Ketone Monitoring
Glycosylated Hemoglobin

Question 7

What are the signs of Hypoglycemia?

Answer 7

Hunger, weakness, shakiness, sweating, headaches, behavioral changes
Eventally Brain damage and death

Question 8

What are the 4 physiological principles that drive Tx of DM?

Answer 8

1. Restoration of Intravascular Fluid Volume
2. Inhibit Lipolysis/Return to Glucose Utilization
3. Replacement of Body Salts
4. Correction of Acidosis
   - Ketogenesis is shut down and Aerobic Glycolysis is restored by insulin admin