Pediatrics Wrong Answers, Etc Flashcards
Symptoms of Narcolepsy =
Classic Triad:
1) Sleep Attacks
2) Cataplexy (loss of muscle tone)
3) Hypnopompic / Hypnagogic hallucinations or sleep paralysis
Intermittent Explosive Disorder =
Children will have outbursts of extreme anger or violent behavior.
Sleep stages associated with night terror disorder vs. nightmare disorder =
Night Terror - deep sleep (stages 3-4)
Nightmare - REM sleep
Signs of expressive language disorder =
Markedly limited vocabularly
Errors in tense
Difficulty recalling words or producing sentences with developmentally appropriate length or complexity.
Decline in academic performance
Normal number of words spoken by a 2 yo:
200
Risk factors for developing separation anxiety disorder:
Parents with an anxiety disorder
Parents with an overly controlling and rejecting parenting style.
Insecure attachment with the primary caregiver
Inhibited and shy temperament.
Delusions in mania vs schizophrenia:
Often the delusions seen in manic episodes are grandiose–whereas this is almost never the case in schizophrenia.
Signs of depression seen in kids and less so in adolescents and adults:
Irritability
Psychomotor Agitation
Anxiety
Most common method of suicide in children:
Substance ingestion
Drugs which are commonly associated with manic symptoms:
Stimulants
- Cocaine
- Amphetamines
What sets adjustment disorder apart from MDD:
Adjustment disorder does not last past 6m following the termination of a stressor
What can commonly develop in children recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes:
Adjustment Disorder
Which tics are needed for a diagnosis of Tourette’s?
Multiple motor tics
At least 1 verbal tic
Normal age for stranger anxiety:
Age at which stranger anxiety should go away:
What it might mean if stranger anxiety never occurs:
7-8 months
Should go away at age 3-4yo
Could indicate autism if it is never present.
Age at which kids begin to understand the irreversibility of death:
Why then?
Ages 6-10
This is the age at which cognitive maturity begins to develop and concrete thinking becomes more evident.
Normal age for stranger anxiety:
Age at which stranger anxiety should go away:
What it might mean if stranger anxiety never occurs:
7-8 months
Should go away at age 3-4yo
Could indicate autism if it is never present.
Likely defense mechanism in a young girl who just visited the doctor and received a dx of SLE and went home and wanted to play doctor:
“Identification”
This is a defense mechanism in which the person adopts a different person’s characteristics in order to put the fear of the person they are emulating onto something less anxiety provoking.
Additional tests to perform on patient presenting with likely panic attacks:
Asthma on the differential?
Perform routine labs to screen for other medical causes of the symptoms.
Asthma is not on the differential in most cases of panic attacks. Therefore it isn’t very useful to order PFTs
Most common perpetrator of factitious disorder by proxy in kids:
Mother
Most common outcome in child’s behavior if they are being abused:
Major Depressive Disorder
Most common perpetrator of factitious disorder by proxy in kids:
Mother
Hallmark of ODD and hallmarks of conduct disorder; i.e. how can you tell them apart?
ODD: Disobedience to authority figures
Conduct Disorder: Breaking rules; aggression; violence
Severe Mental Retardation IQ =
25-39
Normal IQ =
90-110
Profound Mental Retardation =
<25
Moderate Mental Retardation IQ =
40-54
Profound Mental Retardation =
<25
Ages at which a developmental milestone is focusing on following rules:
7-12 yrs (School Age)
Ages at which a developmental milestone is establishing self as autonomous, separate from caregiver by practicing leaving and returning to the caregiver:
18-36 months (toddlers)
Ages at which a developmental milestone is establishing trust in the world through the responsiveness and empathy of one’s caregiver:
0-18 months (infants)
Ages at which a developmental milestone is preoccupation with superheroes and why?
3-6 years (preschool age)
These superheroes represent idealized caregivers. They are preoccupied with them as a result of mixed feelings towards their caregivers.
Age at which a kid should develop the ability to think about and manipulate ideas abstractly:
Adolescence
Age at which a kid should be able to apply reasoning:
7-12 yrs (school age)
