Pediatrics SF Flashcards
Type of esophageal atresia with isolated esophageal atresia
type A
A: isolated B: EA with proximal TEF C: EA with distal TEF D: EA with both p d TEF E: TEF only (H appearnce)
C > A > H > D > B
Wilm’s tumor with residual nonhematogenous tumor confined to abdomen
stage III (3-sidual)
triad of Eagle-Barrett syndrome
“Prune-Belly syndrome”
deficiency of abdominal musculature
urinary tract malformation
bilateral cryptorchidism
major rissk factors for recurrence of febrile seizures
Age <1 year
Duration of fever <24 hours
fever 38-39ºC
most consistent risk factor of urinary tract inefction among young males
uncircumcised penis
10-15x higher risk
common perinatal period causes of neonatal seizure in the ages 1-4 days
intraventricular hemorrhage
sepsis
hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
maternal and pregnancy insults leading to neonatal seizures in ages 1-4 days
maternal hyperthhyroidism maternal hypoparathyroidism prematurity, SGA maternal dabetes maternal drug withdrawal
metabolic and toxicity insults that cause neonatal seizures in ages 1-4 days
acute electrolyte disorders
inborn errors of metab
lidocaine, penicillin toxicity
CNS infections cause seizures when
ages 4 days onwards
truma cause neonatalseizures when?
2-8 weeks
head injury
complications of foreign body aspiration
fever
cough
hemoptysis
pneumonia
atelectasis
complete airway obstruction
leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children younger than 4 years of age
chocking
most common objects on which children choke
food items (nuts)
most seriuos complication of foreign body aspiration
complete airway obstruction
most important factor in determining ithe need for bronchoscopy
history
most common aspiration site of aspiration in <1 year old
larynx
chockin is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for what age group
<4 years old
remarks on rhabdomyomas
- mostly assocd with ªtuberous sclerosis (50%)
- involve the VENTRICLES preferentially
- histologic processing lead to “spider” cells
/because rhabdomyomas often regress spontaneously, they may be considered as HAMARTOMAS rather than true neoplasms./ (Robbins)
ªTSC1: hamartin
TSC2: tuberin
both genes are TSG
the proteins are inhibitor of mTOR
Carney complex
mutation in PRKAR1A, encoding a regulatory subunit of a cAMP-dep protein kinase (Carney complex)
assoc’d with MYXOMAS
- most common heart tumor in adults and overall
- 90% arise from the atria (fossa ovalis)
- left-to right atrial ratio of 4:1
gorlin syndrome
nevoid basal cell carcinoma
assoc’d with cardiac fibroma
triad of renal vein thrombosis
“MaTH”
Mass, flank
Thrombocytopenia
Hematuria, gross
causes of renal vein thrombosis in newborns and infants
asphyxia
dehydration
sepsis
preeclampsia
causes of renal vein thrombosis in older children
nephrotic syndrome
CHD
post-kidney transplant
exposure to contrast agents
greatest risk factor for NEC
prematurity
sign of severe NEC: portal venous gas
