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Thurman > Pediatrics Part 4 > Flashcards

Pediatrics Part 4 Flashcards

1
Q

perioperative fluid homeostasis is altered by

A

volatile agent
OR temp
iatrogenic hyperventilation
surgical stress

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2
Q

GA modifies which aspect of fluid balance

A

neuroendocrine control

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3
Q

surgical effect on fluid balance depends on what?

A

procedure

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4
Q

preop fluid deficit calculation

A

NPO hrs x maintenance fluid rate

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5
Q

maintenance fluid rate for 0-10kg

A

4 mL/kg/hr

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6
Q

maintenance fluid rate for 10-20kg

A

40mL + 2mL/kg/hr for each kg > 10

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7
Q

maintenance fluid rate for >20kg

A

60mL + 1mL/kg/hr for each kg >20

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8
Q

minimal third space losses

A

add 3-4 mL/kg/hr

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9
Q

moderate third space losses

A

add 5-6 mL/kg/hr

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10
Q

major third space losses

A

add 7-10 mL/kg/hr

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11
Q

what type of IV fluids are preferred?

A

glucose free; typically LR

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12
Q

critically ill patient or weight < 10 kg are at risk for what

A

hypoglycemia

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13
Q

crystalloids do not produce what?

A

allergic reactions

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14
Q

LR mOsm/L

A

273

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15
Q

Na of LR

A

130 mEq

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16
Q

K of LR

A

4

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17
Q

Ca2 of LR

A

3

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18
Q

Cl of LR

A

109

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19
Q

HCO3 of LR

A

28

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20
Q

Estimated blood volume of premie

A

90-100mL/kg

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21
Q

EBV of ful term infant

A

80-10mL/kg

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22
Q

EBV of 3mo-3yr

A

75-80 mL/kg

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23
Q

EBV >6 yrs

A

65-70 mL/kg

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24
Q

Intravascular volume formula

A

wt (kg) x blood volume (mL)

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25
Q

true or false, minimum acceptable Hct varies with each child

A

true

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26
Q

for accurate blood loss values what should be weigheD?

A

drapes
sponges
towels

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27
Q

what is equivillent of 1 mL blood loss

A

1G of weight

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28
Q

ABL =

A

ABL= EBV x (H0-H1)/HA

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29
Q

blood loss is replaced with what?

A

crystalloids at a rate of 3 mL/mL

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30
Q

for blood loss < than ABL what rate should be used for replacement?

A

1 mL/mL

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31
Q

if blood loss is equal to or greater than ABL what should be used for replacement?

A

PRBCs

32
Q

what volume of PRBCs should be adminstered to raise Hgb by 1g/dL

A

4mL/kg of PRBCs raises Hgb 1g/dL

33
Q

formula for determining PRBC volume administered (Nagelhout)

A

(EBL-ABL) x desired crit (30%) / 75%

34
Q

crit of PRBCs according to nagelhout

A

75%

35
Q

formula for determing PRBC volume administered (Cote)

A

(desired crit- present crit) x EBV/60%

36
Q

crit of PRBCs accoring to Cote

A

60%

37
Q

when do patients require overnight stay (based on age)

A

< 36 weeks gestation

<60 weeks postconceptual

38
Q

what increases the risk of postop N/V

A 
motion sickness
age
volatile agent
nitrous oxide
opioids
(risk increases with increased risk factors present)
39
Q

decadron dose

A

0.0625 mg/kg (max 10mg)

40
Q

odansetron

A

0.05-0.15 mg/kg

41
Q

miller blade size for preterm and neonate

A

0

42
Q

miller blade for neonate-2yrs

A

1

43
Q

miller blade for 2-6 years

A

none

44
Q

miller blade for 6-10 years

A

2

45
Q

miller blade >10 years

A

2 or 3

46
Q

Wis-Hipple blade for 2-6 years

A

1.5 (whatever the f that is)

47
Q

Mac blade for 2-6 years

A

1 or 2

48
Q

Mac blade for 6-10 years

A

2

49
Q

Mac blade for > 10 years

A

3

50
Q

size for unfuffed tube 1000g

A

2.5

51
Q

uncuffed tube for 1000-2500 g

A

3.0

52
Q

uncuffed tube for neonate-6 mo

A

3.0-3.5

53
Q

uncuffed tube for 6mo-1yr

A

3.5-4.0

54
Q

uncuffed tube for 1-2yrs

A

4.0-5.0

55
Q

uncuffed tube for >2 yrs

A

(age in years + 16)/4

56
Q

cuffed tube for neonate-6mo

A

3.0-3.5

57
Q

cuffed tube for 6mo-1yr

A

3.0-4.0

58
Q

cuffed tube for 1-2 yrs

A

3.5-4.5

59
Q

cuffed tube > 2yrs

A

(age in years/4) + 3

60
Q

approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- preterm < 1000g

A

6-7 cm

61
Q

approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- preterm 1000-2000g

A

7-9 cm

62
Q

approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- term newborn

A

9-10 cm

63
Q

approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 1 year

A

11-12 cm

64
Q

approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 2 years

A

12-13 cm

65
Q

approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 6 years

A

15-16 cm

66
Q

approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 10 years

A

17-18 cm

67
Q

approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 16 years

A

18-20 cm

68
Q

approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 20 years

A

20-22 cm

69
Q

LMA (unique) for neonate up to 5 kg

A

3.5

70
Q

LMA for infant 5-10 kg

A

4.0

71
Q

LMA for infant children 10-20kg

A

4.5

72
Q

LMA for children 20-30 kg

A

5.0

73
Q

LMA for 30-50 kg

A

5.5

74
Q

LMA for large adolescents 70-100 kg

A

6.0

75
Q

LMA for anyone >100kg

A

N/A

Thurman (5 decks)

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