PEDIATRICS D-3 Flashcards
Hyperresponsiveness of airways
Bronchial Asthma
Mediated reaction for allergy which results to Bronchoconstriction
Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
What is Destruction and overinflation of Alveoli, which manifest a Barrel Chest?
Chronic Emphysema
What is chronic dilation and destruction of bronchial wall?
Bronchoeostasis
What is autosomal recessive disorder?
Cystic Fibrosis
what does recessive means?
- Parents are the only carrier but there are no symptoms
- Hyper viscosity of the exocrine gland secretions
what SIDS stands for?
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Cause: Unknown
What is the Risk factors of SIDS?
clue:
1. S
2. I
3. D
4. S
- Sleeping in a room w/o a proper ventilation and on prone position
- Inadequate surfactant (preterm)
- Drug dependent mothers (Downers)
- Sudden laryngospasm, tight spaces during labor and delivery.
how many weeks does SIDS categorized or age of viability?
20-24 weeks - live age of viablity
In correlation to inadequate surfactant commonly on preterm babies, what does the acronym PRETERM stands for?
P - POOR protein and malnutrition of a mother
R - RACE African, Asian, and American
E - EXPOSURE to Nicotine
T - TEENAGE pregnancy
E - EARLY induction of labor (eg. Trauma)
R - RECENT or hx of preterm birth
M - MULTIPLE pregnancies
S - STRESS
What is the management for Airway obstruction of the epiglottis?
Intubation
What are the two types of intubation? and what type of intubation are always on bedside?
- ET Intubation and tracheostomy Intubation
*(tracheostomy Intubation are always on bedside)
sickle cell anemia essentially means there are obstructions in the blood vessels “Thrombosis”, what are the 3 manifestation of this?
- Pain
- Angina (M.I. or H.A.)
- Brain Attack or Ischemic stroke
During crisis of sickle cell anemia what would be the Management?
- Hydration
- Pain Relief
- Oxygen
What triggers the sickle cell anemia?
- Dehydration
- Hypoxemia and hypoxia
- Sequestration or collection of SCA in spleen
Medication for chest paint?
Morphine sulfate
Number 1 leading cause of motor impairment, and no medication to cure, it is permanent but non-progressive
Cause: Unknown but on some studies it says that it is due to hypoxia of the brain.
Cerebral palsy
what are the 4 types of Cerebral palsy “SADM”, The damage part of the brain, percentage and the gait of each.
S - Spastic (70%), cerebral cortex
Med use: “Baclofen” a muscle relaxant
walk: “Scissor gait”
A - Ataxic (10%), Damage in cerebellum
Walk: Ataxic gait
D - Dyskinetic / Athenoid (10%), Damage in Basal Ganglia
Walk: Worm like writing gait
M - Mixed (10%)
Increased CSF in ventricles of brain
Hydrocephalus
Normal Head Circumference and pathologic circumference
Normal: 5 inch to chest circumference
Pathologic: > 5 inch to Chest circumference
Hallmark signs for Hydrocephalus, cracked pot sound of the head and bulging fontanels
Macewen Sign
What should be on bedside of a hydrocephalus patient?
Tape measure
Used during CHN to check for Hydrocephalus “Transimullation”
Flashlight
What do you call on divided spine, protrusion and non function of spine
Spina bifida
3 types of spina bifida
- Spina bifida Oculta - dimpling in the spine (non emergent)
- Meningocele - Meninges
+ CSF (Protrusion) - Myolomeningocele - Meninges + CSF + Nerves + SC (Protrusion)
Management for 2 and 3:
Surgery (Immediate)
Which type of Spina bifida are manifest a lower limb paralysis and bladder/bowel Incontinence
Myolomeningocele
In this condition, you will expect that the baby’s one leg are shorter that the other and the affected leg has more skin folds
DHD or development hip dysplasia
what are the two hallmark signs for DHD?
- Barlow’s Sign - Adduction “natanggal”, Slipping sensation
- Ortolani’s Sign - Abduction “Bumalik”, Clicking sounds
Management for DHD?
- Maintain Adduction
- Check for circulation
What do you call on problem in Eustachian tube?
otitis media
inherited disorder of the metabolism of the amino acid methionine, kidney problem
Hemocystinuria
Impaired protein metabolism
Phenyketonuria
Malabsorption Disorder
Celiac Disease
In foramen Ovale; the Fora Ovalis are opened or closed?
Closed
Acronym “BAD” of anterior fontanel stands for?
B - Bregma
A - Anterior
D - Diamond
In foramen Ovale; the Arterial septad defect are opened or closed?
Opened
Acronym “LPT” of Posterior fontanel stands for?
L - Lambda
P - Posterior
T - Triangle
note: 2-3 months
First food for baby
- Cereal and Rice water
Second Food for baby
*Vegetable
Third Food for baby
*Fruits
Fourth food for baby
*Meat (White)
5th food for baby
*Egg yolk
White - contains a lot of protein that are risk for allergy.
