Pediatrics Flashcards
At what age does the lower 1st molars erupt?
10-16months
At what age does the lower 2nd molars erupt?
20-30 months
Some researchers believe that excess crying may be an early manifestation of:
Migrine
Crying peaks at about how many weeks
6 weeks
Secretes excess gonadotropin-releasing hormone and are responsible for a significant proportion of cases of precocious puberty
Hamartomas (Hypothalamic)
1st sign of puberty in females
Thelarche
1st aortic arch gives rise to
Maxillary artery
2nd aortic arch gives rise to
Stapedial artery
5th aortic arch
DOES NOT persist in a mature circulation
Cyanotic at birth
Cardiac problem (Right to left shunting)
Most common cardiac malformation and accounts for 25% of congenital heart disease
VSD
Most common type of VSD
Membranous type
Functional closure of the Ductus normally occurs
Soon after birth
Anatomic closure of the ductus occurs
After the functional closure
Murmur associated with PDA
Continuous murmur
Machine-like murmur
Congenital cataracts
Galactosemia
Congenital Rubella syndrome
Imaging modality requested during a typical first-episode of UTI
UTZ
Preferred imaging modality to check for presence of renal scarring or acute pyelonephritis
DMSA scan (dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan) \+ photopenic areas = acute pyelonephritis and renal scarring
(+) for renal scarring and acute pyelonephritis. What imaging modality is used to check for reflux
VCUG (voiding cystourethrogram)
Most common cause of reflux esp in BOYS
PUV (posterior urethral valve)
When the foreskin is retracted proximal to the coronal sulcus an the prepuce cannot be pulled back over the glans. This conditions is known as
Paraphimosis
Defect at the dorsal part of the penis
Epispadia
Defect at the ventral part of the penis
Hypospadia
Other terms of innocent murmurs
Functional murmurs
Insignificant murmurs
Normal murmurs
Innocent murmurs are systolic or diastolic?
Systolic
*diastolic are always abnormal - structural heart disease = 2D echo
Most common innocent murmur
- medium-pitched, vibratory or musical
- short systolic ejection murmur
- heard best along Left Lower and Midsternal border
- NO significant radiation to the apex, base or back
- heard most frequently in children between 3 and 7 y.o.
