Pediatrics

Question 1

At what age does the lower 1st molars erupt?

Answer 1

10-16months

Question 2

At what age does the lower 2nd molars erupt?

Answer 2

20-30 months

Question 3

Some researchers believe that excess crying may be an early manifestation of:

Answer 3

Migrine

Question 4

Crying peaks at about how many weeks

Answer 4

6 weeks

Question 5

Secretes excess gonadotropin-releasing hormone and are responsible for a significant proportion of cases of precocious puberty

Answer 5

Hamartomas (Hypothalamic)

Question 6

1st sign of puberty in females

Answer 6

Thelarche

Question 7

1st aortic arch gives rise to

Answer 7

Maxillary artery

Question 8

2nd aortic arch gives rise to

Answer 8

Stapedial artery

Question 9

5th aortic arch

Answer 9

DOES NOT persist in a mature circulation

Question 10

Cyanotic at birth

Answer 10

Cardiac problem (Right to left shunting)

Question 11

Most common cardiac malformation and accounts for 25% of congenital heart disease

Answer 11

VSD

Question 12

Most common type of VSD

Answer 12

Membranous type

Question 13

Functional closure of the Ductus normally occurs

Answer 13

Soon after birth

Question 14

Anatomic closure of the ductus occurs

Answer 14

After the functional closure

Question 15

Murmur associated with PDA

Answer 15

Continuous murmur

Machine-like murmur

Question 16

Congenital cataracts

Answer 16

Galactosemia

Congenital Rubella syndrome

Question 17

Imaging modality requested during a typical first-episode of UTI

Answer 17

UTZ

Question 18

Preferred imaging modality to check for presence of renal scarring or acute pyelonephritis

Answer 18

DMSA scan (dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan)
\+ photopenic areas = acute pyelonephritis and renal scarring

Question 19

(+) for renal scarring and acute pyelonephritis. What imaging modality is used to check for reflux

Answer 19

VCUG (voiding cystourethrogram)

Question 20

Most common cause of reflux esp in BOYS

Answer 20

PUV (posterior urethral valve)

Question 21

When the foreskin is retracted proximal to the coronal sulcus an the prepuce cannot be pulled back over the glans. This conditions is known as

Answer 21

Paraphimosis

Question 22

Defect at the dorsal part of the penis

Answer 22

Epispadia

Question 23

Defect at the ventral part of the penis

Answer 23

Hypospadia

Question 24

Other terms of innocent murmurs

Answer 24

Functional murmurs
Insignificant murmurs
Normal murmurs

Question 25

Innocent murmurs are systolic or diastolic?

Answer 25

Systolic

*diastolic are always abnormal - structural heart disease = 2D echo

Question 26

Most common innocent murmur

Answer 26

• medium-pitched, vibratory or musical
• short systolic ejection murmur
• heard best along Left Lower and Midsternal border
• NO significant radiation to the apex, base or back
• heard most frequently in children between 3 and 7 y.o.