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TOPNOTCH > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

During an emergency dept. thoracotomy, the surgeon made a left anterolateral incision to reach the pericardium. During the operation, the surgeon encountered a structure BEHIND the left lung root. This structure is most likely to be

A. Phrenic nerve
B. Vagus nerve
C. Azygos vein
D. Thoracic duct
E. Superior vena cava
A

B

*cardiac tamponade - Beck’s triad
>hypotension - dec. cardiac output
>muffle heart sounds
>distended neck veins

  • phrenic nerve - in front of the lung root; innervates the hemidiaphragm (elevated)
  • others - right side of the thorax
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2
Q

Which of the ff is part of the tricuspid valve, except?

A. Anterior cusp
B. Septal cusp
C. Lateral cusp
D. Inferior cusp
E. Posterior cusp
A

C

*tricuspid valve - anterior, septal and posterior(inferior) cusps

  • drug users - tricuspid valve
  • Infective endocarditis - tricuspid valve
  • Myocardial Infarct - Mitral regurgitation
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3
Q

CONJOINT TENDON strengthens the medial half of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal and is the combination of which of the ff?

A. External oblique and internal oblique
B. External oblique and transversus abdominis
C. Internal oblique and transversus abdominis
D. Transversus abdominis and transveralis fascia
E. Internal oblique and transversalis fascia

A

C

*IOTA - Internal oblique & Transversus abdominis

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4
Q

Spermatic cord is a collection of structures that pass through the inguinal canal. Which of the ff. Is not part of the spermatic cord?

A. Testicular veins
B. Testicular lymph nodes
C. Cremasteric artery
D. Ilioinguinal nerve
E. Genitofemoral nerve
A

D

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5
Q

Parietal peritoneum is innervated and is sensitive for pain, temperature, touch and pressure. What innervates the parietal peritoneum of the pelvis?

A

Obturator nerve

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6
Q

Which of the ff. Is most anteriorly located?

A. Renal vein
B. Renal artery
C. Ureter
D. Ureteropelvic junction
E. Renal papilla
A

A

*anterior to posterior (VAU)
Vein, Artery, Ureter
*left testes tends to have lower pressure compared to the right

LEFT-LOWER

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7
Q

Internal iliac artery is divided into anterior and posterior. Which of the ff belongs to the posterior division?

A. Superior gluteal artery
B. Inferior gluteal artery
C. Internal pudendal artery
D. Obturator artery
E. Middle rectal artery
A

A

*Posterior division: ILS
Iliolumbar artery
Lateral sacral artery
Superior gluteal artery

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8
Q

Ovary lies near the lateral wall of the pelvis in a depression called the ovarian fossa. It is bounded by the following, except:

A. External iliac vessel
B. Internal iliac vessel
C. Ureter
D. Broad ligament of the uterus
E. Obturator nerve
A

C

*Borders:
Upper- external iliac vessels
Posterior- internal iliac vessels
Inferior- obturator nerve and vessels
Anterior- broad ligament of the uterus
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9
Q

Largest muscle in the upper body

A

Latissimus dorsi

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10
Q

Damage to the quadrangular space may damage this structure:

A

Axillary nerve

*Borders of quadrangular space:
Superior- subscapularis muscle (teres minor if viewed posteriorly)
Inferior- teres major
Lateral- surgical neck of the humerus
Medial- long head of triceps brachii
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11
Q

Not part of the proximal row of carpal bones:

A. Scaphoid
B. Lunate
C. Trapezium
D. Pisiform
E. None of the above
A

C

“Some Lovers Try Position That They Can’t Handle”

Proximal:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Distal:
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
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12
Q

The talus articulates above with the tibia and fibula and below the calcaneum. Which of the ff muscle is attached to the talus:

A. Gastrocnemius
B. Soleus
C. Tibialis anterior
D. Peroneus longus
E. None of the above
A

E

*numerous important ligaments are attached to the talus, but NO MUSCLES ARE ATTACHED TO THIS BONE

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13
Q

Which of the ff suprahyoid muscles is innervated by the C1 nerve?

A. Geniohyoid
B. Posterior belly of the digastric
C. Anterior belly of the digastric
D. Stylohyoid
E. Mylohyoid
A

A

  • facial nerve- posterior belly of the digastric, stylohyoid
  • trigeminal nerve- anterior belly of the digastric, mylohyoid
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14
Q

Which of the ff does not course through the cavernous sinus?

A. Oculomotor nerve
B. Trochlear nerve
C. Abduscens nerve
D. Optic nerve
E. None of the above
A

D

*CN III, IV, V1 ophthalmic, V2 maxillary, VI & internal carotid artery pass through cavernous sinus

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15
Q

Muscle responsible for protruding the tongue

A

Genioglossus

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16
Q

Not part of the boundaries of the auscultatory triangle:

A. Latissimus dorsi
B. Trapezius
C. Medial border of the scapula
D. Rhomboid major
E. None of the above
A

D

17
Q

Jefferson fracture is caused by the compression of the spinal column and places the spinal cord at risk. What vertebra is fractured in this type of pathology?

A

C1

  • Jefferson Fracture- C1 (atlas)
  • Hangman Fracture- C2
18
Q

Internal/medial surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by:

A

CN IX

*only CN IX Glossopharyngeal nerve innervates the internal surface of the tympanic membrane

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