Pediatrics

Question 1

Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act

Answer 1

6 month extension on patents if a manufacturer studies a given drug in children

Question 2

Infants and neonates have increased/decreased blood perfusion to muscles the first 6 months of life

Answer 2

Increased

Question 3

Toddler age

Answer 3

1-4 years

Question 4

Children

Answer 4

5-12 years

Question 5

Drug absorption affected by what 3 factors

Answer 5

1. Blood flow at site of administration
2. GI function
3. Thin skin

Question 6

Pediatrics have prolonged gastric emptying times which means ______ absroption

Answer 6

Increased

Question 7

Infants gastric acidity is ____, which means absorption of acid-labile drugs is ____

Answer 7

Low, increased

Question 8

Gastric emptying in infants is prolonged so medications absorbed in stomach have ____ absorption

Answer 8

Prolonged

Question 9

Infants have larger intestinal surface area so drugs have ____ absorption

Answer 9

Increased

Question 10

Illness in a newborn may ____ blood flow to muscles

Answer 10

decrease

Question 11

Neonates and young children have ___ and ___ peristalsis which may ____ absorption

Answer 11

Slow, irregular, slow

Question 12

Class of drugs that are acid labile

Answer 12

Beta lactams

Question 13

Infants have a ___ stratum corneum and ___ body surface area which allows topical medications to absorb ____ readily.

Answer 13

Thinner, larger, more

Question 14

Infants have a higher amount of total body water, which requires ___ doses of hydrophilic drugs

Answer 14

Higher

Question 15

Neonates and premature infants have lower body fat which would cause lipid soluble drugs to have ____ distrubtion

Answer 15

Decreased

Question 16

Infants younger than 6 months have ____ plasma proteins available for drug binding, which causes ___ levels of unbound medicaiton

Answer 16

decreased, increased

Question 17

True or false: Lipid soluble drugs can penetrate the CNS

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Phase II enzymes are responsible for synthesis of ___ soluble compounds

Answer 18

water