Pediatrics

Question 1

• Latent nystagmus

Answer 1

common in kids with infantile strabismus. Bilateral jerk nystagmus with fast beat towards the viewing eye with occlusion of the other eye.

Question 2

• Taysachs

Answer 2

defect in hexosaminidase A causing a buildup of ganglioside GM2

Question 3

• Batten disease

Answer 3

buildup of ceroid lipofuscin

Question 4

• Gaucher’s disease

Answer 4

buildup of glucoerebroside

Question 5

• Categories for exam guidelines in JIA

Answer 5

type (poly vs systemic—stills); ANA +/-; duration (> 4 years); age at onset > or < 6 years

Question 6

• Homocysteinuria

Answer 6

treat with lots of B6 and a low methionine diet.

Question 7

• Prisms for reducing nystagmus

Answer 7

orient prisms so their APICES point towards the null zone. In surgery you move the eyes away from the null point

Question 8

• CRYO-ROP

Answer 8

cryo vs observe. Threshold study defined as 5 or more clock hours or 8 or more non-contiguous clock hours of stage 3 in zone 1 or 2 in the presence of plus disease. Cryo is better than observation.

Question 9

• Triad for spasmus mutans

Answer 9

(1) head nodding, (2) monocular or asymmetric nystagmus, (3) torticollis

Question 10

• RB indications for enucleation

Answer 10

(1) tumor > 50% of globe; (2) optic nerve involvement; (3) anterior segment involvement