Pediatrics Flashcards
What’s the second most common cause of stridor in neonates?
Vocal cord paralysis
Which IGg deficiency associated with susceptibility to encapsulated bacteria
IGG2
In adults what is the most common IGg deficiency
Igg3 susceptibility to uri, AR and asthma
What are the centor criteria for GABHS in children
Fever, tender neck adenopathy, exudative tonsillitis, and absence of cough
What is Melnick Fraser syndrome
Branchial-oto-renal
What is the treatment for Kawasaki disease?
Ivig and aspirin
Symptoms of Usher Type 1
retinitis pigmentosa, profound SNHL from birth, vestibular dysfunction
Symptoms of Usher type 2
SNHL in adolescence, NO vestibular dysfunction, no retinitis pigmentosa, most common syndromic form of hearing loss
Usher type 3
Similar to 1 but milder symptoms, progressive hearing loss, visual loss at puberty
What is the most common IgG class deficiency in children?
IgG2, predisposes to recurrent infections to polysaccharide encapsulated bacteria such as H Flu, strep pneumo, and klebsiella
What is the most common IgG deficiency in adults?
IgG3
Branchial groove/cleft corresponds to which embryonic cell derivative?
Ectoderm
Branchial arch is what embryonic cell derivative?
Mesoderm
Branchial pouch corresponds to which embryonic cell derivative?
Endoderm
What are the four types of VPI closure?
° Coronal (55 %, most common) ° Sagittal (10–15 %, least common) ° Circular (10–20 %) ° Circular with Passavant’s ridge (15–20 %)
What is prominauris
absent antihelical fold, abnormally distal insertion of antitragus muscle, excess conchal bowl
What does CATCH-22 stand for in DiGeorge Syndrome?
Cardiac defects, Abnormal facies, Thymic hypoplasia, Cleft palate, and Hypocalcaemia resulting from 22q11 deletions.
What percentage of parotid neoplasms in children are malignant?
50%
What are the most common locations of rhabdomyosarcoma in descending order
Orbit Nasopharynx Middle ear/mastoid Sinonasal cavity
What syndrome is PAX3 gene mutation associated with?
Waardenburg
Mnemonic for autosomal dominant syndromes
WANTBCS
normal anatomy of the ear in pediatrics
Normal anatomy: 15- to 30-degree posterior angulation, auriculocephalic angle of 20 to 35 degrees; normal pinna position is 15 to 20 mm from the helical rim to the scalp
When are lymphatic malformations diagnosed
40% in neonatal period, 60% by age 1, 90% by age 3
stain for bartonella?
Warthin starry silver stain
What is a pilomatrixoma?
Calcifying epitheolioma of malherbe Arises from the outer root sheath sell of hair follicle
What is the most common malignancy in infants less than 1 year of age?
Neuroblastoma
Is coronary artery aneurysm an early or late symptom of kawasaki disease?
Late
During which week of development does the EAC recanalize?
28th week
During which week of development do the hillocks of his develop, and then by which week do they fuse to form the auricle?
6th week, 12th week
What is the likelihood of a negative bronch in the setting of unwitnessed choking episode?
60%
What is the blood supply to the adenoid
Pharyngeal branch of the internal maxillary (major supply)
Ascending palatine branch of the facial artery
Ascending cervical branch of thyrocervical trunk
Ascending pharyngeal artery
What are the most common sites of rhabdo in descending order
Orbit
Nasopharynx
Middle ear/mastoid
Sinonasal cavity
which type of rhabdo has better prognosis: embryonal or alveolar?
embryonal (75% of them)
what is Von-Hippel-Lindau
° Autosomal dominant
° Hemangioblastomas of CNS and retinas, renal cysts/carcinoma, pheochromocytoma,
pancreatic cysts, papillary cystadenomas of epididymis
° Associated with endolymphatic sac tumors
What is maffucci syndrome?
benign cartilagenous overgrowths
What are the two most common syndromes associated with PRS?
Stickler, velocardiofacial syndromes
