Congenital anomalies

Question 1

Which embryonic cartilage is associated with 1st branchial arch?

Answer 1

Quadrate, Meckels

Question 2

Which branchial arch is associated with Reichert’s cartilage?

Answer 2

2nd

Question 3

What ossicles derive from 2nd branchial arch?

Answer 3

Stapes suprastructure

Question 4

What ossicles derive from the 1st branchial arch?

Answer 4

Incus, Malleus

Question 5

What nerve is associated with 1st branchial arch?

Answer 5

Mandibular devision of trigeminal nerve

Question 6

What nerve is associated with the second branchial arch?

Answer 6

Facial

Question 7

Glossopharyngeal nerve is associated with which branchial arch?

Answer 7

Third

Question 8

What cartilages derive from the fourth branchial arch?

Answer 8

Thyroid, cornicular, cuneiform

Question 9

The arytenoid cartilages derive from which arch?

Answer 9

6th

Question 10

What nerve is associated with the 4th branchial arch?

Answer 10

Pharyngeal branch of vagus

Question 11

What arch is the recurrent laryngeal nerve associated with?

Answer 11

6th

Question 12

Muscles associated with 1st branchial arch

Answer 12

tensor tympani, muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor veli palatini

Question 13

Muscles associated with 2nd branchial arch

Answer 13

stylohyoid, facial muscles, buccinator, platysma, posterior belly of digastric

Question 14

What arch is stylopharyngeus derived from?

Answer 14

3rd branchial arch

Question 15

What arch are the intrinsic laryngeal muscles derived from?

Answer 15

6th

Question 16

What muscles associated with the 4th branchial arch

Answer 16

Pharyngeal and extrinsic laryngeal muscles, levator veli palatini

Question 17

Which embryological precursor gives rise to the thyroid parafollicular cells

Answer 17

Ultimobranchial body of the 4th branchial pouch

Question 18

What is kasabach-Merritt phenomenon

Answer 18

Profound thrombocytopenia associated with vascular tumors

Question 19

What is Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome?

Answer 19

Episodes of recurrent facial edema with facial paresis and accompanied by angular cheilitis and fissured tongue

Question 20

By what age will most hemangiomas reach 80% of their final size?

Answer 20

By 5 months of age

Question 21

What is the most common acquired or congenital type of facial paralysis

Answer 21

Congenital unilateral lower lip palsy

Question 22

What percentage of congenital vocal cord paralysis is bilateral

Answer 22

50%

Question 23

What syndrome is COL2A1 associated with

Answer 23

Stickler syndrome

Question 24

What syndromes are associate with microtia

Answer 24

CHARGE, Crouzon’s, Goldenhar’s, hemifacial

microsomia, Pierre Robin sequence, Treacher Collins, VATER

Question 25

What are you thinking when you see mixed hearing loss in a male

Answer 25

X linked stapes gusher, have an enlarged IAC with an abnormal connection between perilymph and subarachnoid space, don’t repair these, always bilateral

Question 26

How many gene loci have been identified associated with otosclerosis?

Answer 26

7, autosomal dominant

Question 27

What pharyngeal pouch is the ultimobranchial body derived from?

Answer 27

5th

Question 28

Where are the parafollicular c cells located within the thyroid gland

Answer 28

middle to upper third of the lateral lobes

Question 29

Is choanal atresia more common in males or females?

Answer 29

females 2:1