Congenital anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

Which embryonic cartilage is associated with 1st branchial arch?

A

Quadrate, Meckels

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2
Q

Which branchial arch is associated with Reichert’s cartilage?

A

2nd

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3
Q

What ossicles derive from 2nd branchial arch?

A

Stapes suprastructure

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4
Q

What ossicles derive from the 1st branchial arch?

A

Incus, Malleus

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5
Q

What nerve is associated with 1st branchial arch?

A

Mandibular devision of trigeminal nerve

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6
Q

What nerve is associated with the second branchial arch?

A

Facial

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7
Q

Glossopharyngeal nerve is associated with which branchial arch?

A

Third

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8
Q

What cartilages derive from the fourth branchial arch?

A

Thyroid, cornicular, cuneiform

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9
Q

The arytenoid cartilages derive from which arch?

A

6th

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10
Q

What nerve is associated with the 4th branchial arch?

A

Pharyngeal branch of vagus

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11
Q

What arch is the recurrent laryngeal nerve associated with?

A

6th

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12
Q

Muscles associated with 1st branchial arch

A

tensor tympani, muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor veli palatini

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13
Q

Muscles associated with 2nd branchial arch

A

stylohyoid, facial muscles, buccinator, platysma, posterior belly of digastric

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14
Q

What arch is stylopharyngeus derived from?

A

3rd branchial arch

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15
Q

What arch are the intrinsic laryngeal muscles derived from?

A

6th

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16
Q

What muscles associated with the 4th branchial arch

A

Pharyngeal and extrinsic laryngeal muscles, levator veli palatini

17
Q

Which embryological precursor gives rise to the thyroid parafollicular cells

A

Ultimobranchial body of the 4th branchial pouch

18
Q

What is kasabach-Merritt phenomenon

A

Profound thrombocytopenia associated with vascular tumors

19
Q

What is Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome?

A

Episodes of recurrent facial edema with facial paresis and accompanied by angular cheilitis and fissured tongue

20
Q

By what age will most hemangiomas reach 80% of their final size?

A

By 5 months of age

21
Q

What is the most common acquired or congenital type of facial paralysis

A

Congenital unilateral lower lip palsy

22
Q

What percentage of congenital vocal cord paralysis is bilateral

23
Q

What syndrome is COL2A1 associated with

A

Stickler syndrome

24
Q

What syndromes are associate with microtia

A

CHARGE, Crouzon’s, Goldenhar’s, hemifacial

microsomia, Pierre Robin sequence, Treacher Collins, VATER

25
What are you thinking when you see mixed hearing loss in a male
X linked stapes gusher, have an enlarged IAC with an abnormal connection between perilymph and subarachnoid space, don't repair these, always bilateral
26
How many gene loci have been identified associated with otosclerosis?
7, autosomal dominant
27
What pharyngeal pouch is the ultimobranchial body derived from?
5th
28
Where are the parafollicular c cells located within the thyroid gland
middle to upper third of the lateral lobes
29
Is choanal atresia more common in males or females?
females 2:1