Pediatrics Flashcards
What is the dose for pediatric PRBC bolus?
10cc/kg
Below what age is needle cric indicated?
Under 8-10
What type of conjunctivitis presents at age 2-5 days and what is the treatment?
Gonorrhea
Tx: cefotaxime IV, admission
What type of conjunctivitis presents at age 5-14 days and what is the treatment?
Chlamydia
Tx: PO erythromycin
What is the bacteria and toxin associated w/ HUS?
E Coli, Shiga-like toxin
At what age is RPA typically seen and what are the most common causative agents?
Age 2-4, staph and strep
Obtain lateral neck XR on inspiration
What are the five cyanotic congenital heart diseases?
Tetralogy of Fallot Transposition of the great vessels Truncus arteriosus Total anomalous pulmonary vascular return Tricuspid atresia
What are the four non-cyanotic congenital heart diseases?
ASD
VSD
PDA
Coarctation
What antibiotics are used in the treatment of meningitis in infants < 1 month old?
Cefotaxime or gentamicin + ampicillin (to cover for Listeria)
What antibiotics are used in the treatment of meningitis in infants > 1 month old?
Cefotaxime/ceftriaxone + vanc
What are the symptoms of acute cerebellar ataxia?
Gait abnormality and truncal weakness 2 weeks after a viral illness
Tx: supportive, most resolve in 2-3 weeks
What is the treatment of croup?
Dexamethasone for all children, rac epi for moderate to severe cases
Type of jaundice presenting before the 5th day of life with unconjugated hyperbili
Physiologic jaundice
Type of jaundice presenting between 5 days and 8 weeks old with unconjugated hyperbili
Breast milk jaundice
Type of jaundice that persists after 2 weeks old with direct hyperbilirubinemia
Biliary atresia
What are the criteria for the “wait and see” approach to otitis media?
Age > 2
Temp < 39
Duration of sx < 48 hours
Unilateral infection
How is severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia defined?
Tbili > 25
At what age is intussusception seen and what is the treatment?
Typically 3 mo - 5 yo
Tx: barium or air enema
What are the three phases of pertussis?
Catarrhal - fever, cough, rhinorrhea (1-2 weeks)
Paroxysmal - whooping cough (2-6 weeks)
Convalescent (1-2 weeks)
What is a “toddler’s fracture”?
Spiral fracture of the tibia
Tx: CAM boot or cast
What nerve is most often injured in supracondylar fractures?
Anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve (test by having pt make an “ok” sign)
What is the most common cause of septic arthritis in children?
Staph aureus
What types of fractures are considered concerning for NAT?
Transverse long bone fractures
Corner or bucket handle fractures
Rib fractures (esp posterior)
Skull fractures
How is neonatal sepsis managed?
20 cc/kg IVF bolus up to 4 times
Amp + gent
OR if high suspicion for meningitis, amp + cefotaxime or ceftaz
Early intubation in lethargic patients
