Environmental Flashcards
Bite wound w/ local pain, excessive oral secretions, muscle jerking, wandering eye movements
Bark scorpion
Tx: benzos, atropine PRN
Bite wound w/ local pain and diaphoresis, muscle cramping, hypertension and tachycardia
Black widow
Tx: pain control, benzos
Bite wound w/ local necrosis
Brown recluse
Tx: wound care, tetanus
Bite wound w/ localized pain and swelling, coagulopathy
Rattlesnake (crotalid) bite Indications for CroFab: - severe pain, moderate edema - progressive, proximally spreading erythema - any coagulopathy or systemic symptoms
Bite wound w/ minimal location reaction and generalized weakness, paresthesias, fasciculations, tremor
Coral snake (elapid) bite Tx: Elapid anti-venom in all cases Can progress to respiratory paralysis
Treatment for stingray injury
Immerse in hot water
Treatment for jellyfish sting
Immerse in vinegar
Treatment for primate bites
Acyclovir
Primates can transmit herpesvirus simiae, which can be fatal
What is the treatment for HAPE?
Immediate descent not necessary if sx are mild
Oxygen, nifedipine, hyperbarics
What is the treatment for HACE?
Supplemental O2, dexamethasone, descent and hyperbarics
What are the symptoms of decompression sickness?
Type I: joint and extremity pain (the bends)
Type II: paresthesias, paralysis, vestibular sx (the staggers)
Dyspnea, CP, cough (the chokes)
Skin burning, itching
Diving: loss of consciousness or stroke-like symptoms immediately after ascent
Arterial gas embolus
Diving: symptoms similar to alcohol intoxication when diving >100 feet
Nitrogen narcosis
Diving: tympanic membrane rupture during descent
Barotrauma/barotitis
What is the treatment for high pressure injection injury?
Antibiotics, tetanus, surgery consult
