Pediatrics

Question 1

What are the 3 parts of the pediatric assessment triangle?

Answer 1

Appearance, Breathing, Circulation

Question 2

How is an OPA inserted for peds?

Answer 2

Tip towards tongue

Question 3

List the order of top causes of pediatric deaths…

Answer 3

MVA, burns, drowning, suicides, homicides

Question 4

What’s the formula and backup rule for sizing a peds ET tube?

Answer 4

(Pt age + 16) / 4

Diameter of little finger/nostril

Question 5

What’s the formula for tube depth?

Answer 5

Age + 10

Question 6

What is the formula for peds weight estimate based on age?

Answer 6

(Age in years x 2) + 8

Question 7

What is the low normal systolic BP for peds between 1-10?

Answer 7

(Age in years x 2) + 70

Question 8

What is the big normal systolic BP for peds between 1-10?

Answer 8

(Age in years x 2) + 90

Question 9

What do fever, seizure, and irritability when being held or touched indicate in peds?

Answer 9

Bacterial Meningitis

Question 10

What is the peds fluid resuscitation rate?

Answer 10

20mL/kg

Question 11

What is the defibrillation dose for peds V-Fib?

Answer 11

2J/kg, then 4J/kg

Question 12

What peds airway compromise…

• is an upper airway viral infection
• presents with a signature barking cough and inspiratory stridor
• most commonly occurs in children from 6m-4y in the fall or winter
• presents in the evening
• is best treated with cooled oxygen at 4-6L or Recimic Epi

Answer 12

Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)

Question 13

What peds airway compromise…

• is a bacterial infection of the upper airway
• usually occurs in children over 4y
• is potentially life-threatening
• presents with pain on swallowing, sore throat, high fever, shallow breathing, dyspnea, inspiratory stridor, and drooling
• is treated with humidified O2
• has intubation as a contraindication unless complete airway obstruction
• also has visualizing the airway, IV, and BP as contraindications

Answer 13

Epiglottitis

Question 14

Croup can lead to…

Answer 14

Bacterial Tracheitis

Question 15

What is the leading cause of of in home accidental deaths in children under 6?

Answer 15

Foreign Body Aspiration

Question 16

What peds airway compromise…

• is a viral infection of the lower airway
• occurs most frequently in the first year of life
• is characterized by prominent expiratory wheezing with a low grade fever

Answer 16

Bronchiolitis

Question 17

What distinguishes asthma from bronchiolitis?

Answer 17

Age, asthma rarely occurs in first year. Also, low grade fever

Question 18

What is the first sign of shock in peds?

Answer 18

Increased HR

Question 19

What is the number one cause of death in infants and children?

Answer 19

Trauma

Question 20

Steps for removing foreign body in airway of peds?

Answer 20

1. If partial, try humidified O2, but do not agitate
2. If complete, finger sweep if visible
3. Attempt BVM ventilation
4. Visualize with laryngoscope and remove with magills if seen
5. Intubate if possible
6. Needle cric

Question 21

What is the initial dose of adenosine in peds?

Answer 21

0.1mg/kg not to exceed 6mg repeated at 0.2mg/kg not to exceed 12mg

Question 22

What are the age breakdowns for an infant, toddler, preschooler, and child?

Answer 22

Infant: 0-1

toddler: 1-3
preschooler: 3-5
child: >5

Question 23

What do you do for a newborn with a HR <60?

Answer 23

Chest Compressions

Question 24

What is the next step for a unresponsive/apneic child?

Answer 24

Check for pulse for no more than 10 sec.

Question 25

What disease presents with fever, seizure, and irritability when held or touched?

Answer 25

Bacterial Meningitis