Pediatrics Flashcards
What are the 3 parts of the pediatric assessment triangle?
Appearance, Breathing, Circulation
How is an OPA inserted for peds?
Tip towards tongue
List the order of top causes of pediatric deaths…
MVA, burns, drowning, suicides, homicides
What’s the formula and backup rule for sizing a peds ET tube?
(Pt age + 16) / 4
Diameter of little finger/nostril
What’s the formula for tube depth?
Age + 10
What is the formula for peds weight estimate based on age?
(Age in years x 2) + 8
What is the low normal systolic BP for peds between 1-10?
(Age in years x 2) + 70
What is the big normal systolic BP for peds between 1-10?
(Age in years x 2) + 90
What do fever, seizure, and irritability when being held or touched indicate in peds?
Bacterial Meningitis
What is the peds fluid resuscitation rate?
20mL/kg
What is the defibrillation dose for peds V-Fib?
2J/kg, then 4J/kg
What peds airway compromise…
- is an upper airway viral infection
- presents with a signature barking cough and inspiratory stridor
- most commonly occurs in children from 6m-4y in the fall or winter
- presents in the evening
- is best treated with cooled oxygen at 4-6L or Recimic Epi
Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
What peds airway compromise…
- is a bacterial infection of the upper airway
- usually occurs in children over 4y
- is potentially life-threatening
- presents with pain on swallowing, sore throat, high fever, shallow breathing, dyspnea, inspiratory stridor, and drooling
- is treated with humidified O2
- has intubation as a contraindication unless complete airway obstruction
- also has visualizing the airway, IV, and BP as contraindications
Epiglottitis
Croup can lead to…
Bacterial Tracheitis
What is the leading cause of of in home accidental deaths in children under 6?
Foreign Body Aspiration
What peds airway compromise…
- is a viral infection of the lower airway
- occurs most frequently in the first year of life
- is characterized by prominent expiratory wheezing with a low grade fever
Bronchiolitis
What distinguishes asthma from bronchiolitis?
Age, asthma rarely occurs in first year. Also, low grade fever
What is the first sign of shock in peds?
Increased HR
What is the number one cause of death in infants and children?
Trauma
Steps for removing foreign body in airway of peds?
- If partial, try humidified O2, but do not agitate
- If complete, finger sweep if visible
- Attempt BVM ventilation
- Visualize with laryngoscope and remove with magills if seen
- Intubate if possible
- Needle cric
What is the initial dose of adenosine in peds?
0.1mg/kg not to exceed 6mg repeated at 0.2mg/kg not to exceed 12mg
What are the age breakdowns for an infant, toddler, preschooler, and child?
Infant: 0-1
toddler: 1-3
preschooler: 3-5
child: >5
What do you do for a newborn with a HR <60?
Chest Compressions
What is the next step for a unresponsive/apneic child?
Check for pulse for no more than 10 sec.
What disease presents with fever, seizure, and irritability when held or touched?
Bacterial Meningitis
