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National Registry > Airway & Breathing > Flashcards

Airway & Breathing Flashcards

0
Q

Normal partial pressure of O2 in the arterial blood (PaO2)?

A

80 - 100mmHg

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1
Q

Tidal volume of healthy adult male?

A

5 - 7 mL/kg

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2
Q

Normal partial pressure of CO2 in arterial blood (PaCO2)?

A

35-45mmHg

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3
Q

Manual ventilation rate to deliver to apneic adult?

A

10-12/min or 1 every 5-6sec

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4
Q

What are the deep, rapid respirations call associated with diabetic ketoacidosis?

A

Kussmaul

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5
Q

What are respirations that gradually increase in volume, then descend, followed by a brief apneic period that are not ominous unless in the presence of traumatic brain injury called?

A

Cheyne-Stokes Respirations

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6
Q

What are respirations called that are irregular in pattern, depth, and rate called that indicate severe brain injury?

A

Biot’s Respirations (ataxic respirations)

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7
Q

Another name for Rales and description?

A

Crackles, fluid in smaller lower airway.

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8
Q

Another name for Rhonchi and brief description?

A

Rattling, fluid in larger lower airway.

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9
Q

Another name for wheezing and what is it an indicator of?

A

Whistling, bronchospasm or asthma.

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10
Q

What are vesicular respirations?

A

Normal respirations

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11
Q

How do you figure Minute Alveolar Volume?

A

(Tidal Volume - Dead Space*) x Respiration Rate

*30% of TV

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13
Q

What respiratory compromise…

  • is a form of pulmonary edema caused by fluid accumulation within the lungs
  • is associated with lung insults including injury, burn, drugs, high altitude, emboli, near drowning;
  • has a high mortality rate
  • usually has a slow decline in respiratory status
A

Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) or Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema

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14
Q

What respiratory compromise…

  • results from destruction of the alveolar walls distal to the terminal bronchioles
  • may lead to right heart failure (cor pulmonale)
  • causes lungs to lose their capacity to recoil
  • is displayed in pts with pursed lips, barrel chests, and pink puffers
  • rarely presents with a cough except for the morning
A

Emphysema (part of COPD)

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15
Q

What respiratory compromise…

  • results from an increase in the number of goblets cells in the respiratory tract and is characterized by large amounts of sputum
  • greatly affects the alveoli and gas exchange
  • presents in pts that are “blue bloaters”
  • presents similar to right heart failure
A

Chronic Bronchitis (part of COPD)

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16
Q

What respiratory compromise…

  • is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airway causing flow restriction
  • may be triggered by extrinsic or intrinsic factors
  • shows a shark fin appearance on capnography
  • is characterized by wheezes or cough
  • in the first phase needs a duoneb and second phase needs Solu-Medrol
A

Asthma

16
Q

What airway emergency presents with…

  • labored breathing, tachypnea, tachycardia, signs of right heart failure
  • often caused by deep vein thrombosis
A

Pulmonary Embolism

17
Q

What respiratory compromise…

  • is common in the aged or those infected by HIV and is one of the leading causes of death in those pts
  • can be viral or bacterial (or fungal)
  • is characterized by a deep productive cough producing yellow to brown sputum sometimes with blood
  • can present with pleuritic chest pain (sharp or tearing)
  • presents with fever
A

Pneumonia

18
Q

Name the illness/injury from these signs/symptoms…

  • poor ventilation despite an open airway, cyanosis
  • restlessness, agitation, anxiety
  • increased airway resistance on ventilation
  • respiratory distress (dyspnea/tachypnea)
  • JVD
  • decreased or absent lung sounds on one side
  • tachycardia
  • tracheal deviation to unaffected side
  • narrowing pulse pressure
  • subcutaneous emphysema
A

Tension Pneumothorax

19
Q

Name the illness/injury from these signs/symptoms…

  • dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia
  • obvious chest or rib trauma
  • possible hypotension or shock
  • rib crepitus, flail segment, subcutaneous emphysema, hematoma
  • decreased or absent lung sounds on affected side
A

Hemothorax or Hemopneumothorax

20
Q

Normal respiratory rate for an infant (birth-1)?

A

30 - 60

21
Q

Normal respiratory rate for a toddler (1-3)?

A

24 - 40

22
Q

Normal respiratory rate for a preschooler (4-5)?

A

22 - 34

23
Q

Normal respiratory rate for a school-age (6-12)?

A

18 - 30

24
Q

Normal respiratory rate for an adult (18+)?

A

12 - 20

25
Q

Name the acid-base disturbance…

  • pH<7.35
  • high PaCO2
A

Respiratory Acidosis

26
Q

Name the acid-base disturbance…

  • pH<7.35
  • low PaCO2
A

Metabolic Acidosis

27
Q

Name the acid-base disturbance…

  • pH>7.35
  • low PaCO2
A

Respiratory Alkalosis

28
Q

Name the acid-base disturbance…

  • pH>7.35
  • high PaCO2
A

Metabolic Alkalosis

29
Q

Which acid-base disturbance will be caused by hyperventilation?

A

Respiratory Alkalosis

30
Q

Which acid-base disturbance will be caused by hypoventilation?

A

Respiratory Acidosis

31
Q

Name the injury/illness from these signs/symptoms…

  • chills, fever, fatigue, night sweats
  • productive or nonproductive cough, hemoptysis
  • weight loss
  • possibly prescribed Rifampin
  • caused by bacteria
A

Tuberculosis

National Registry (7 decks)

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