Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Master The Boards > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

Ophtalmia Neonatorum Day2

A

Neisseria Gonorrheae G(-) diplococci
Prevent with ointment
Tx Ceftriaxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ophtalmia Neonatorum Day 7

A

Chalmidia Trachomatis
Not effectively prevented by prophylaxis ointments
Tx Azythromycin PO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ophtalmia Neonatorum Day 21

A

Herpes Simplex
Tx Systemic Acyclovir and topical Vidarabine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The most commonly tested disorders in the new born

A

G6PD deficiency
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Galactosemia
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Congenital hypothyroidism
Hearing test
Cystic fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

G6PD Deficiency

A

X-Linked Recessive characterized by Hemolytic crisis
Tx Reduce oxidative stress and specialized diets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Phenylketonuria PKU

A

AR
Deficiency in Phenyalanine Hydroxylase (PAH)
Leads to intellectual disability
Tx special diet low in phenyl alanine for at least the first 16 years of the patients life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Galactosemia

A

Rare genetic disorder that precludes normal metabolism of galactose and cause cataracts.
Tx cut out all lactose containing products.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

A

AR
Resulting in errors of steroidogenesis
Tx replace mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid deficiency and possible genital reconstructive surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Congenital Hypothyroidism

A

Compromises brain development
Must have normal thyroid function for brain development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hearing test

A

Excludes congenital sensory - neural hearing loss
Necessary for early detection to maintain speech patterns and asses the need for cochlear implantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Autosomal disorder
Thick mucus
Best initial test -> Sweat Chloride
Most Accurate -> Genetic Analysis of the CFTR gene.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mothers with HBsAg +
Child should receive

A

Hep immunoglobulin (HBIG) + vaccine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Thyroglossal duct cyst

A

Midline and moves with swallowing
Becomes symptomatic after a respiratory infection
Tract between foremen cecum and base of the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dermoid cyst

A

Midline cystic mass with trapped epithelial debris
Does not change with tongue movement or saying ahh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Brachial cleft cyst

A

Most common type SECOND Brachial cleft lesion
Located inferior to the angle of the mandible and anterior to the esternocleidomastoideo muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cystic hygroma

Macrocystic lymphatic malformations

A

Translucent soft mask covered by normal skin
Common location: cervical facial lesion, axilla, lateral chest wall
Associated with Down syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Thymic cyst

A

Located at midline between angle of the mandible and midline of the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Thymic cyst

A

Located at midline between angle of the mandible and midline of the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ACE Inh Neonate

A

Craniofacial abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Anesthetic in neonate

A

Respiratory and CNS deppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Barbiturates in neonate

A

Respiratory and CNS depression, dilated pupils.
Phenobarbital is associated with vitamin K deficiency

22
Q

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

A

Clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCA) of the vagina or cervix

23
Q

Isotretinoin

A

Facial and ear abnormalities, congenital heart disease

24
Q

Magnesium Sulfate in the neonate

A

Respiratory depression

25
Q

NSAIDS IN NEONATE

A

Premature closure of Ductus arteriosus

26
Q

Phenytoin

A

Hypoplastic Nails, typical facies, IUGR

27
Q

Sulfonamides in Neonate

A

Displaces bilirubin from albumin

28
Q

Tetracycline in neonate

A

Enamel hyperplasia, discolored teeth

29
Q

Valproate / carbamazepina

A

Intellectual disability, neural tube defects

30
Q

Warfarin in newborn

A

Facial dimorphism and condrodysplasia, bone stippling

31
Q

Congénital toxoplasmosis pathogenesis

A

Maternal consumption of undercooked meat
Inadvertent ingestion of cat feces

32
Q

Congenital toxoplasmosis

A

Chorioretinitis
Diffuse intracranial calcifications
Macrocefaly (hydrocephalus or microcephaly)
Seizures

33
Q

CONGENIATAL CMV PATHOGENESIS & Features

A

Maternal contact with infected bodily fluids (saliva)
Chorioretinitis
Periventricular intracranial calcifications
Microcephaly
Sensorineural hearing loss

34
Q

Congenital toxoplasmosis Dx & Tx

A

Toxoplasma serology or CPR
Pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, folinic acid

35
Q

CMV Dx & Tx

A

Urine or saliva CMV PCR
GANCICLOVIR
VALGANCICLOVIR
If symptomatic.

36
Q

Congenital heart defect that typically presents within the first 24hours of life with cyanosis and a single loud S2

A

Transposition of the great vessels

37
Q

Pulsus Alternans

A

Sign of left ventricular dysfunction

38
Q

Pulsus bigeminus

A

Sign of HOCM

39
Q

Pulsus bisferiens

A

In aortic regurgitation

40
Q

Pulsus tardus et Parvus

A

Aortic stenosis

41
Q

Pulsus paradoxus

A

Cardiac tamponade
Tension pneumothorax

42
Q

Irregularly irregular

A

Atrial fib

43
Q

Irregularly irregular

A

Atrial fib

44
Q

Combination of hearing loss, syncope, normal vital signs and physical exam and
The family history of sudden cardiac death

A

Consistent with long QT syndrome

45
Q

Combination of hearing loss, syncope, normal vital signs and physical exam and
The family history of sudden cardiac death

A

Consistent with long QT syndrome

46
Q

best treatment for Long QT syndrome

A

Beta blocker METOPROLOL

47
Q

How beta blockers may shorten the QT interval

A

By decreasing activation from the left stellate ganglion and reducing cardiac excitation during exertion

48
Q

The only beta blocker that prolongs QT interval

A

SOTALOL

49
Q

However progressive symptoms leading to dilated cardiomyopathy with secondary mitral regurgitation can cause :

A

S3 Gallop and holosystolic murmur

50
Q

Tourette Syndrome Tx

A

Behavioral Therapy (habit reversal training)
Anti Anyidopaminergic agents
—> Tetrabenazine (dopamine depleter)
—> Antipsychotics (Rc Bockers)
Alpha 2 Adrenergic receptor agonist.

Master The Boards (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions