PEDIATRIC SWALLOWING & ORAL-MOTOR/FEEDING DISORDERS Flashcards
What is muscle tone?
It is a muscle’s resistance to movement
Describe hypertonia
Too much resistance makes it difficult to move or bend. The patient will seem stiff.
Describe hypotonia
Not enough resistance, so the patient will have a difficult time maintaining a position. They will have increased range of motion.
Describe fluctuating tone
The client presents inconsistently, or some parts of the body are hypertonic while other parts of the body are hypotonic.
What is Spasticity?
Increase in resistance to velocity
What are ataxic Movements?
Awkward and clumsy movements. Takes long time to accomplish a task. Know what they want to do, cognitively, but can’t execute.
What are Athetoid movements?
Involuntary movements that cannot control. Lots of difficulty with oral function. Think PD.
Difference between ataxic and athetoid movements
Ataxic: poorly coordinated and look unsteady.
Athetoid: Involuntary/purposeless movements. Grimacing and tongue thrusting. This one affects speech more harder.
What is PVL?
Holes in white matter
What is Cerebral dysgenesis?
Abnormal brain development
What is Intracranial hemorrhage?
Bleeding in the brain…stroke
What is Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy?
Lack of oxygen
What are risk factors for abnormal tone?
Low birthright, giving birth to multiple children at the same time, infections during pregnancy, toxins, labor and delivery complications, seizures [basically anything that might effect or damage brain development (being pregnant with multiple children increases likelihood of having children prematurely)]
Best way to assess muscle tone is to
pick up and hold the child
Things that may present like atypical muscle tone, but actually aren’t
pain, bowel/bladder issues (baby’s gotta poo), the infants position, the child’s activity level, reflux or GI issues
