Pediatric Respiratory System

Question 1

What are 85% of pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest are primarily due to ?

Answer 1

respiratory failure

Question 2

What are some differences in pediatric airway?

Answer 2

airway higher in neck, epiglottis sits behind soft palate, funnel shape, larger tongue, angled vocal cords.

Question 3

What are infants and babies called based on how they breathe?

Answer 3

obligate nasal breathers

Question 4

If patient has upper airway obstruction what kind of breathing will you hear?

Answer 4

stridor

Question 5

If patient has lower airway obstruction what kind of breathing will you hear?

Answer 5

wheezing

Question 6

What are some common lethal foreign bodies?

Answer 6

latex balloon, coins, hot dogs, magnets, BATTERIES.

Question 7

What is Croup?

Answer 7

parainflu virus type 1; obstructions airway: nasal secretions, laryngeal swelling, hoarseness, subglottic edema, seal like cough.

Question 8

Why is epiglottitis rare?

Answer 8

bc of h. influ vaccine; rapid onset and life-threatening, must intubate.

Question 9

What is the number 1 reason for pediatric admit?

Answer 9

bronchiolitis

Question 10

What is bronchiolitis?

Answer 10

lower respiratory tract illness, inflammation & obstruction of the small airways(bronchioles)

Question 11

What are some S&S of bronchiolitis?

Answer 11

mild: runny nose, cough, low-grade fever, wheezing, poor feeding
severe: tachypnea greater than 70, grunting, wheezing, retractions, nasal flaring, lethargy,

Question 12

What is the most common cause of fetal acute resp. tract infection in infants and young children?

Answer 12

RSV: forms plugs of mucus, fibrin, & necrotic in smaller airway.

Question 13

What two illnesses are common in less than 1 yr? greater than 1 yr?

Answer 13

Bronchiolitis & Pneumonia; Pharyngitis & Rhinitis

Question 14

What is pneumonia?

Answer 14

inflammation or infection of the bronchioles and alveolar spaces

Question 15

True or False aspiration wont show up on an x-ray for at least 6 hours from the event.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

What some protective factors of asthma?

Answer 16

large family size, having a pet dog, later birth order, childcare attendance, living on a farm.

Question 17

True of False the tighter the airways in an asthma patient the more you will hear.

Answer 17

FALSE: less

Question 18

True of False: at all costs you don’t want to intubate an asthmatic if you can help it.

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

What is the treatment plan for persistent asthma?

Answer 19

daily inhaled corticosteroids and long-term control medications.

Question 20

What is the tx plan for intermittent asthma?

Answer 20

short acting beta2 agonists(albuterol)

Question 21

What is the tx for exercise induced asthma?

Answer 21

short acting beta2 agonists 5-30 mins before exercise or a long acting beta2 agonist 30 min - 1 hr b4 exercise.

Question 22

What are some s/s of Bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

Answer 22

increased resp. effort, tachypnea, nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, poor feeding, increased O2 demand

Question 23

What are some possible tx needs for BPD?

Answer 23

trach, NG or g tube for feeds, chest physiotherapy

Question 24

What is CF?

Answer 24

autosomal recessive disorder of the exocrine glands; chloride ion transport across the exocrine & epithelial cells is impaired due to a defective protein, CFTR

Question 25

What are some s/s of CF?

Answer 25

thick mucus secretions, meconium ileus as neonate, frothy, bulky, floating stools, chronic moist productive cough.