Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Flashcards

1
Q
What critical component of the pediatric physical exam will aid in detecting pulmonary disease?
A: palpation
B: auscultation
C: inspection
D: percussion
A

C: inspection

Answer: C (inspection – resp. rate and work of breathing)

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2
Q

What medication is important to use to during acute bronchospasms (rescue medication)?

A

Answer: SABA (short-acting B-agonists (relievers)

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3
Q

What medication is important to use to control inflammation?

A

Answer: Inhaled corticosteroids / Cromones; (controllers)

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4
Q

What medication is appropriate to use in CF patients?

A

Answer: nebulized antibiotics

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5
Q

In a patient <4 mo of age, what medication delivery technique MUST BE USED?

A

Answer: pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) or similar spacer

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6
Q

What must be assessed and reviewed at each clinical visit for asthma?

A

Answer: delivery technique of inhaled medications

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7
Q
In children with respiratory illness, which finding(s) have good diagnostic accuracy in detecting hypoxemia? SELECT ALL THAT
APPLY!
A: tachypnea
B: inconsolable
C: respiratory effort
D: color
A

Answer: All of the above

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8
Q

What is the MOST valuable examination finding in an older pediatric patient with pneumonia?

A

Answer: unilateral crackles

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9
Q
What are the extrapulmonary signs of intrinsic pulmonary disease in pediatric patients? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY!
A: cyanosis
B: altered mental status
C: clubbing
D: decreased PO2
A

A: cyanosis
B: altered mental status
C: clubbing

Answer: A, B, C (cyanosis, AMS, signs of respiratory insufficiency including growth failure, clubbing and osteoarthropathy)

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10
Q

What risk factors should you educate a mother of a patient with asthma? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY!
A: limit outdoor activities during high ozone levels
B: pet dander can exacerbate asthma symptoms
C: household flea infestations can increase asthma attacks
D: black mold is the only mold that requires remediation

A

A: limit outdoor activities during high ozone levels
B: pet dander can exacerbate asthma symptoms

Answer: A & B (household cockroach infestation, and all mold requires remediation)

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11
Q

What is the FOUNDATION of investigating the pediatric thorax?

A

Answer: Chest X-ray

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12
Q

When ordering CXR in pediatric patients, what should your order consist of?

A

Answer: both frontal and lateral views

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13
Q

When pleural fluid is suspected in the pediatric patient, what should the FNP order?

A

Answer: Lateral decubitus radiographs (helps in determining the extent and mobility of the fluid)

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14
Q

When a foreign body is suspected, what should the FNP order?

A

Answer: Forced expiratory radiographs (shows focal air trapping and shift of mediastinum to the contralateral side)

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15
Q

When an FNP wants to differentiate croup from epiglottitis, what should the FNP order?

A

Answer: Lateral neck radiographs (useful in assessing the size of adenoids and tonsils, and seeing the “thumbprint sign” associated with
epiglottitis)

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