Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Flashcards
A patient presents to clinic with blunted ventilatory drive and compensates by voluntarily hyperventilating to maintain PO2 / PCO2 levels. This condition co-exists with obstructive sleep apnea. What is your diagnosis?
Answer: Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome
What is the best treatment for to improve hypercapnia and hypoxemia in Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome? A: Respiratory stimulants B: CPAP C: Weight loss D: Diuretics
C: Weight loss
A 59-yr. old male presents to the clinic complaining of morning sluggishness despite sleeping all night. While examining this patient, he appears to be dozing off. What is the likely diagnosis for this patient?
Answer: Obstructive Sleep Apnea
A differential diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea needs to be confirmed. What is the MOST accurate/gold standard diagnostic test that will confirm this diagnosis? A: EEG B: Home use nocturnal pulse ox C: Otorhinolaryngologic exam D: Polysomnography
D: Polysomnography
What is the MOST prominent clinical findings on physical exam that indicates a patient most likely has obstructive sleep apnea? A: prominent tongue B: bullneck C: large tonsils D: pendulous uvula
B: bullneck
What labs would you obtain on a patient with suspected obstructive sleep apnea? A: Hgb/Hct B: Chem7 C: TSH D: ABG
C: TSH
Answer: C – TSH (hypothyroidism may contribute to obstructive sleep apnea through enlargement of the tongue (called macroglossia) or disruption of the muscles that control the upper airway. Finally, patients with hypothyroidism are at risk for obesity, another factor that contributes to obstructive sleep apnea)
What is the 1st line treatment for obstructive sleep apnea? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY A: weight loss B: strict avoidance of ETOH C: CPAP D: Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)
A: weight loss
B: strict avoidance of ETOH
C: CPAP
Answer: A, B, C (nasal CPAP is curative in many patients)
