Pediatric Pulmonary Disease Flashcards
What is the most common etiology of croup?
parainfluenza virus
What are key symptoms of croup?
barking cough and stridor
How do you differentiate between croup and epiglottis?
Epiglottitis are severely ill, fever >103
How should you proceed with treatment for a patient with croup who has stridor at rest?
Oxygen, nebulized racemic epi, and Dexamethasone 0.6mg/kg IM. If symptoms resolve within 3 hours, discharge. Hospitalize if respiratory distress persists
What is the most common cause of epiglottis?
H. flu Type B
What are key symptoms of epiglottitis?
Cherry red spot, swollen epiglottis
What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis?
RSV
What can provide passive immunity against RSV for premies?
Palivizumab (Synagis) is an IM monoclonal Ab
What are key features of bronchitis presentation?
URI symptoms with cough and malaise. WBC normal, CXR clear
How do you distinguish between viral and bacterial pneumonia?
Viral presents w/rhinorrhea, cough, low fever, pharyngitis. Bacterial presents w/abrupt onset, high fever, cough, chest pain, shaking chills
When should you suspect pertussis?
Cough for > 2 weeks
What are treatment options for pertussis?
Erythromycin for 14 days (SE-Diarrhea). Azithromycin for 5 to 7 days
At what age does bronchiolitis peak?
6 months
What are the clinical features of respiratory insufficiency assoicated with cystic fibrosis?
pulmonary fibrosis, obstruction, frequent infections, chronic sinusitis
What are the clinical features of pancreatic insufficiency associated with cystic fibrosis?
malabsorption of fats/proteins, FTT, rectal prolapse, intussusception
What tests are used to diagnose CF?
IRT and DNA Assay. If positive proceed to sweat chloride test
When should you suspect CF in a newborn?
if meconium not passed in 24 hours
What patient population is at the greatest risk for respiratory distress syndrome?
premies born at 28 weeks of gestation or less because lungs haven’t fully developed yet r
What are key features of bronchiolitis?
fever with marked tachypnea and wheezing, it is highly contagious and seasonal
