pediatric kaplan questions Flashcards
a 6 month-old infant is brought to the ED bc of decreased activity and poor feeding over the past week. The mother also states that the infant has been constipated for the past 2 days. On physical examination the infant has a very weak cry, poor muscle tone, and absent deep tendon reflexes. The rest of the examination is unremarkable. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
infant botulism
a 3 year old child presents to the ED with diplopia, dysarthria, and dysphagia and decreased salivation, with dry mouth and sore throat, ileus, or urinary retention. later, there is descending muscle paralysis. what is the most likely diagnosis?
botulism
a newborn presents with severe mental retardation, short stature, coarse facial features, a protruding tongue and an umbilical hernia what is the most likely diagnosis?
congenital hypothyroidism aka cretinism
A 5-year-old boy develops a headache, cough, myalgia, and fever. He has been a healthy child with all immunizations up to date. He is given a decongestant and an aspirin for his symptoms with some relief. However, 4 days later, he is brought back by his parents because of persistent vomiting and irritability. On physical examination he is found to be semicomatose, becoming combative on stimulation. Which of the following levels should be measured to aid in diagnosis?
ammonia level
A 5-year-old boy develops a headache, cough, myalgia, and fever. He has been a healthy child with all immunizations up to date. He is given a decongestant and an aspirin for his symptoms with some relief. However, 4 days later, he is brought back by his parents because of persistent vomiting and irritability. On physical examination he is found to be semicomatose, becoming combative on stimulation. ammonia levels are found to be increased. what is the most likely diagnosis?
Reye syndrome (profuse vomiting with altered mental status
what other labs may abnormal in a patient with Reye syndrome?
metabolic acidosis and hypoglycemia
