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704 Pediatrics > Pediatric Immunizations > Flashcards

Pediatric Immunizations Flashcards

1
Q

What is the vaccine described by the brand names Infanrix and Daptacel?

A

DTaP

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2
Q

What is the vaccine described by the brand name Adacel and Boostrix?

A

Tdap

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3
Q

What is the vaccine described by the brand names Tenivac and Tdvax?

A

Td

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4
Q

What is Kinrix?

A

DTaP + IPV

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5
Q

What is Quadracel?

A

DTaP + IPV

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6
Q

What is Pentacel?

A

DTaP + IPV + Hib

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7
Q

What is Pediatrix?

A

DTaP + IPV + HepB

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8
Q

What is ProQuad?

A

MMRV

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9
Q

What is Twinrix?

A

HepA + HepB

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10
Q

What is MenHibrix?

A

MenCY + Hib

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11
Q

What is VAXELIS?

A

DTaP + IPV + Hib + HepB

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12
Q

What is the minimum interval required between live vaccines, if not given simultaneously?

A

28 days

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13
Q

What happens when a vaccine is given 5+ days before the minimum dosing interval or age?

A

The dose will not count and should be repeated

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14
Q

What happens when a vaccine is due to be given past the intended interval timeframe?

A

It should be given at the next visit, avoid restarting vaccine series

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15
Q

What should you do if a dose is not reported in the vaccine record?

A

Re-dose.

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16
Q

Which vaccines should be given during pregnancy?

A
  • IIV4
  • Tdap
  • RSV (Abrysvo)
  • COVID-19
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17
Q

Consider waiting until the ____ trimester before giving inactivated vaccines during pregnancy

A

2nd

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18
Q

Which vaccines are contraindicated in pregnancy?

A
  • MMR
  • Varicella
  • HPV
  • LAIV
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19
Q

How should live vaccines be given with regard to chemo/radiation therapy?

A

2 weeks before or 3 months after treatment

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20
Q

How should live vaccines be given with regard to steroid therapy >2mg/kg/day or >20mg prednisone >14 days

A

Wait a month after discontinuation

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21
Q

How should live vaccines be given with regard to high-dose steroids <14 days

A

Can vaccinate following discontinuation or wait 2 weeks after

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22
Q

What type of vaccines are tetanus and diphtheria?

A

Toxoid

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23
Q

How should live vaccines be given with regard to IVIG therapy?

A

At least 3 months before and 2 weeks after IVIG

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24
Q

How long should you hold live vaccines following IVIG for Kawasaki disease?

A

11 months

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25
Q

How should live vaccines be given with regard to PPD tests?

A

Simultaneously or wait 4-6 weeks to place PPD

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26
Q

How should live vaccines be given with regard to antiviral treatments?

A

Avoid therapy 48 hours prior or 14 days after vaccination

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27
Q

Which vaccines can be given SC?

A

Zostavax, MMRV, Polio, and Meningococcal or Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines

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28
Q

How effective is DTaP and Tdap?

A

DTaP is 80-90% effective
Tdap is 70% effective

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29
Q

What is the age range for different diphtheria vaccinations?

A

Age <7: DTaP or DT
Age 7+: Td
Age 11+: Tdap

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30
Q

When should tetanus boosters be given?

A

Every 10 years if no injury
Every 5 years if at risk
In the case of severe injury, 1 year after last dose

31
Q

What is a contraindication to DTaP besides allergy?

A

History of encephalopathy within 7 days of pertussis vaccination

32
Q

Which patients >12-15 months old should get the Hib vaccine?

A
  • Chemo/radiation
  • Immunodeficiency
  • Asplenia
33
Q

What is the efficacy of the HepB vaccine?

A

90-95% persistent protection

34
Q

How should HPV be given to a 9-14 year old?

A

2 dose series, with the second dose given 6-12 months after the first

35
Q

How should HPV be given to a patient 15 years or older?

A

3 dose series, with the second dose given 1-2 months after the first, and the third dose given 6 months after the first dose

36
Q

How many doses of HPV should immunocompromised patients get?

A

3 doses, regardless of age

37
Q

When is the influenza season?

A

Typically October to March/April

38
Q

What type of change to influenza occurs annually and affects types A and B viruses?

A

Antigenic drift

39
Q

What type of change to influenza occurs drastically and can result in epidemics or pandemics? (Affects type A virus)

A

Antigenic shift

40
Q

What is the minimum age for the influenza vaccine?

A

6 months

41
Q

What is the efficacy of the influenza vaccine typically?

A

45-50%

42
Q

How should influenza be given to children <9 for their first lifetime dose?

A

Give 2 doses separated by 4 weeks

43
Q

When can LAIV be used?

A

Healthy children and adults age 2-50 years

44
Q

What immunity percentages are reached after the first dose of MMR?

A

93% measles & 78% mumps

45
Q

What immunity percentages are reached after the second dose of MMR?

A

97% measles and 88% mumps

46
Q

What can be done with MMRV to reduce seizure incidence?

A

Separation of MMR and V on the first dose

47
Q

What should be given to a 6-12 month infant traveling internationally?

A

1 dose of MMR, dose not count for dose series

48
Q

What should be given to an unvaccinated child >12 months traveling internationally?

A

2 doses of MMR separated by at least 4 weeks prior to travel

49
Q

Why is MMR not usually given before 1st birthday?

A

Circulating maternal antibodies may interfere with protection

50
Q

What happens with a mumps outbreak?

A

3rd dose of MMR is indicated

51
Q

What are side effects of the Varicella vaccine?

A
  • Maculopapular rash
  • Rare febrile seizure risk with MMRV
  • Transmission of varicella
52
Q

What is the minimum age for Menveo (MenACWY-CRM)?

A

2 months

53
Q

What is the minimum age for MenQuadfi (MenACWY-TT)?

A

2 years

54
Q

A patient is given their first meningococcal dose at age 11-12, when should they get a booster?

A

Age 16

55
Q

A patient is given their first meningococcal dose at age 13-15, when should they get a booster?

A

Age 16-18

56
Q

A patient is given their first dose at age 16+, when should they get a booster?

A

No booster indicated

57
Q

When is meningococcal recommended in high risk?

A
  • HIV
  • Asplenia
  • Travel to epidemic regions
  • Unvaccinated first-year college/military living in dorms
  • Persistent complement component deficiency
58
Q

Which brand name vaccines are MenB?

A

Bexsero and Trumenba

59
Q

When is MenB indicated?

A
  • Asplenia
  • Persistent complement component deficiency
  • Receiving complement inhibitors (eculizumab)
  • Microbiologists regularly exposed to N. meningitidis
60
Q

Which vaccine can be given for those needing both MenACWY and MenB?

A

Penbraya (Pfizer)
Age 10-25

61
Q

Why is PPSV23 not effective in children <2?

A

It’s a polysaccharide vaccine

62
Q

When is PPSV23 used?

A

Older children and adolescents with high-risk conditions with PCV15

63
Q

What is the invasive risk decrease of PPSV23?

A

60-70%

64
Q

A child, age 2-5 with a high risk condition has a history of <3 PCV doses, what should they get?

A

2 dose PCV >8 weeks apart

65
Q

A child, age 2-5 with a high risk condition has a history of 3 PCV doses, what should they get?

A

1 dose PCV (8 weeks from last)

66
Q

A child, age 2-5 with a high risk condition has not received PPSV23 or PCV20, what should they get?

A

1 dose PCV20 or PPSV23 (8 weeks from last)

67
Q

What are the protection rates at different doses of IPV?

A

1 dose: 0%
2 doses: 95%
3 doses: 99%
4 doses: prolonged

68
Q

How many doses is RotaTeq?

A

3 doses

69
Q

How many doses is Rotarix?

A

2 doses

70
Q

What is the required timeframe for the rotavirus series?

A

Must start by 15 weeks
Must complete by 8 months, 0 days

71
Q

What is the minimum age for COVID-19 Pfizer + Moderna?

A

6 months

72
Q

What is the minimum age for COVID-19 Novavax?

A

12 years

73
Q

Which COVID vaccine should be stored ultra-cold?

A

Pfizer

74
Q

What is a rare, possible side effect of the COVID-19 vaccine?

A

Myocarditis, specifically males age 12-17

704 Pediatrics (6 decks)

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