Pediatric bacteremia and sepsis Flashcards
difference between colonization and infection
infection is characterized by an inflammatory response as opposed to simply the presence of an organism (colonization)
definition: fever
temp greater than 38 degrees celsius or 100.4 fahrenheit
what are the SIRS criteria in kids?
- temp over 38 or under 36
- HR over 90 or 2SD above mean for age
- RR over 30 or 2SD above the mean for age or PaCOs under 32 on blood gas
- WBC over 15k, under 5k, or bands over 10% of WBC
SIRS + infection = ?
sepsis
definition: bacteremia
presence of viable bacteria in blood (growing)
definition: severe sepsis
sepsis associated with organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion, or hypotension (BP 2SD under mean)
definition: septic shock
sepsis taht persists after adequate fluid resuscitation, along with presence of perfusion abnormalities
definition: multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
presence of altered organ function in an acutely ill patient such that physiologic homeostasis cannot be maintained without intervention
definition: early onset sepsis syndrome
sepsis that occurs in the first 6 days of life (usually first 24 hours)
what are the most common organisms are acquired from the mothers genitourinary tract?
Group B strep
E. coli
Listeria monocytogenes
“GEL”
what are factors increasing risk for early onset sepsis syndrome?
- prolonged rupture of membranes (over 18 hours)
- maternal chorioamnionitis
- maternal temp over 38 during labor
- previous infant with Group B strep infection
- maternal age under 20
- low birth weight or prematurity
definition: late onset sepsis
occurs in neonate that between 7-90 days of age
where do infants most commonly get late onset sepsis?
from caregiving environment
what is the treatment for early onset sepsis?
- amipicillin and aminoglycoside
- 2nd generation ceph
what is the treatment for late onset sepsis?
2nd or 3rd generation ceph and/or vancomycin
