Pediatric Flashcards
describe intrauterine
passive absorption
zero direct application
not a priority
little understanding
describe neonate
passive/active
direct application
not a priority
describe infant
active/passive absorption
direct application
one of the focus groups
describe child
active reabsorption
direct application
product choice important
describe adolescent
active absorption
close to adult conditions
unique due to growth transistion
influences of variable ADME
continuous growth
different diet/grwoth/nutrient requirement
lack of expression
age, weight, size variable
4 properties of dosage forms
convenience
choice
reasonable priced
stable
what is bioequivalence
different brands have the same active ingredient, concentration, and dose therfore same biological activity
bad things about sweeteners
calories load
tooth decay
diabetic children
incompatible
problems with colorants and flavors
allergenic
incompatible
no medicinal value
try to limit
what is ethanol used for
solvent
absorption enhancer
problems with lactose
intolerance
diarrhea
problem with benzalkoium
bronchoconstriction
problems with parabens
hypersensitivity
problems wiht benzyl alcohol
metabolic acidosis
neurotoxicity
tween problems
liver/kidney failure
tartazine problems
urticaria
bronchoconstriction
problems wiht propylene glycol
seizure, hyperosmolality
contract derm
alcohol content for over 12
under 10%
alcohol content for 6-12 years
under 5%
alcohol content for under 6
under 0.5%
benefits of oral admin
preferred by children convenient noninvasive low cost appropriate for all ages
who is chewable forms appropriate for
over 3
who is solid forms appropriate for
over 6
problems with liquid
instbale
have to measure dose
mix with food and drink
disadvantages of parenteral
invasive high cost complications higher volume more pain so require multiple injections for large dose no pediatric products
disadvantages of pulmonary admin
higher cost
inappropriate for young children
advantages of pulmonary
effective local action
convenient
non invasive
higher cost
what are inhalation devices for under 3 like
solution
hospital use only
need mask/device
disadvantages of rectal admin
variable absorption
unconventional
inconvenient
packaging of childrens products
distinctly different from adults
useful drug info
appealing to users
provide dosing device
