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RDA > Pediatric > Flashcards

Pediatric Flashcards

0
Q

Avulsed

A

Torn away or dislodged by force

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1
Q

Autonomy

A

Childhood process of becoming independent

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2
Q

Cerebral palsy

A

Neural disorder of motor function caused by brain damage

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3
Q

Chronologic age

A

Actual age of pediatric patients (months, years)

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4
Q

Contour

A

To shape or conform an object

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5
Q

Down syndrome ; trisomy 21

A

Chromosomal defect resulting in abnormal physical characteristics and mental impairment

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6
Q

Emotional age

A

Measure of the level of emotional maturity and pediatric patients

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7
Q

Extrusion

A

Displacement of a tooth from its socket as a result of injury

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8
Q

Frankl scale

A

Designed to evaluate patient behavior

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9
Q

Intrusion

A

Displacement of a tooth into its socket as a result of injury

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10
Q

Luxation

A

Dislocation

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11
Q

Open bay

A

Concept of open design used in pediatric dental practices

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12
Q

Pediatric dentistry

A

Dental specialty concerned with neonatal through adolescent patients, as well as patients with special needs in these age groups

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13
Q

Pulpotomy

A

Removal of the coronal portion of a vital pulp from a tooth

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14
Q

“Quiet room”

A

An isolated area required for patient care where children whose behavior can’t upset other children

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15
Q

What is the age range for a pediatric patient?

A

Infancy-adolescence

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16
Q

What are ways to include a young child in a procedure?

A
  • have them select type of eyewear they’d like to wear
  • have them point to the tooth they’d like you to start with
  • have them point to the tooth that smiled for the camera (X-ray)
  • have them chose fluoride flavor
  • have them hold the saliva ejector
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17
Q

What are the guidelines for child behavior?

A
  • be honest with the child
  • consider the child’s point of view
  • always “tell, show, and do”
  • give positive reinforcement
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18
Q

How can the dental team give positive reinforcement?

A

Reinforcing and rewarding appropriate behavior and avoiding rewarding undesirable behavior

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19
Q

How should you communicate with a patient who has mild intellectual disabilities?

A
  • minimize distractions
  • use short explanations
  • use simple language
  • take time to present information
  • avoid explanation of causes
  • Focus on effects of lacking oral hygiene
  • teacher activities rather than concepts
  • encourage consistency
  • use “tell–show–do”
  • use positive reinforcement
  • use verbal praise
20
Q

How much fluoride is the right amount for a child?

A

Pea sized amount on the toothbrush is plenty

21
Q

What do sealants protect?

A

The grooved and pitted surfaces of teeth, especially the chewing surfaces of posterior teeth

22
Q

Where are most cavities found in children?

A

Posterior teeth

23
Q

What are sealants made of?

A

Clear or shaded plastic

24
Q

What do you use to save space for eruption of permanent teeth?

A

Space maintainer

25
Q

What is done with space maintainers?

A

They are cemented into place and retained until permanent tooth erupts

26
Q

Use of appliances to correct permanent dentition damaging oral habits such as thumb sucking falls under what type of dentistry?

A

Preventative orthodontics

27
Q

Interceptive orthodontics

A

Allows the dentist to intercede or correct problems as they develop

28
Q

Correction of a jaw size discrepancy through the use of a removable or fixed appliance would be an example of what type of dentistry?

A

Interceptive orthodontics

29
Q

What are the 3 types of mouth guards used?

A

Commercial mouth guards, mouth-formed protectors, and custom fitted vacuum-formed guards

30
Q

Pulp therapy

A

Attempt to stimulate and preserve pulpal regeneration in primary teeth

31
Q

What are the 2 factors that most commonly affect the pulpal health of young teeth?

A

Deep caries and traumatic injury

32
Q

Where are deep caries more likely to affect?

A

Posterior teeth

33
Q

Trauma from injury is more likely to affect which teeth?

A

Anterior teeth

34
Q

What can be indicated for a newly erupted permanent tooth to promote pulpal healing and stimulate the production of reparative dentin?

A

Indirect and direct pulp capping

35
Q

Pulpotomy

A

Complete removal of the coronal portion of the dental pulp

36
Q

Formocresol pulpotomy

A

Procedure often used on posterior teeth. 50:50 formulation of 19% formaldehyde & 35% cresol in an aqueous glycerin solution

37
Q

Calcium hydroxide pulpotomy

A

Used primarily for young permanent teeth with open apices

38
Q

Why is a stainless steel crown the restoration of choice for children throughout adolescent years?

A
  • prepared/placed in 1 appt.
  • durable enough to last until primary teeth are replaced by permanent teeth
  • almost always tolerated by young gingiva
  • much less expensive than cast restorations
39
Q

What are the 2 types of stainless steel crowns used in pediatric dentistry?

A

Pretrimmed and precontoured

40
Q

Where do many injuries to primary teeth occur in the “toddler” stage of 1-2 1/2 year olds?

A

Maxillary central incisors

41
Q

What consequences can occur to an injury of a young child’s tooth?

A

Discoloration and possible loss

42
Q

What are adults instructed to do should a child’s tooth be avulsed?

A
  • immediately recover the tooth
  • wrap tooth in moistened gauze
  • go to dentist office immediately
43
Q

How soon should an avulsed tooth be replanted for the highest rate of success?

A

Within 30 minutes of the accident

44
Q

What is the replantation process?

A

-local anesthetic
-radiographs are taken
-surgical curette to remove clotted blood from alveolus (socket)
-avulsed tooth is washed in saline solution & inserted into alveolus
-tooth is splinted into place with wire, acrylic, or ortho splints
Postoperative radiographs are taken
-endo treatment is done 6-8 weeks after

45
Q

Which government body should be contacted if child abuse is suspected?

A

State or county child protective services agency

46
Q

What do you include when reporting child abuse?

A
  • Child’s address, sex, age, height, weight
  • name/address of custodial adult
  • description of current physical/emotional abuse or neglect
  • evidence of previous injuries or negligence
  • info to est. cause of injuries
  • sketch/photo doc nature/location of injuries
47
Q

What is unique about the treatment setting of a pediatric practice?

A
  • treatment room is not confined or structured
  • cheerful displays or themed decor
  • less “medical looking” fun colored scrubs
48
Q

What is the advantage of an open bay concept?

A

Provides reassurance allowing children to see other kids receiving care. Children are less likely to misbehave in front of other children

RDA (5 decks)

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