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The Final Step > Pedi > Flashcards

Pedi Flashcards

1
Q

German measles is also known as what disease?

A

Rubella

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2
Q

Bruises may be purple, green, yellow, and brown. How many days old is a yellow bruise?

A

Purple day 1-5, Green day 5-7, Yellow day 7-10, Brown day 10-14

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3
Q

Pain with movement of the pinna or triages should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Otitis externa

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4
Q

What is the first-line treatment for pertussis?

A

Erythromycin

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5
Q

By what age should a child be able to hold up her own head?

A

3 months

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6
Q

A Salter-harris type I fracture affects what area of the bone?

A

Only the physis (growth plate)

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7
Q

By what age should a child be able to sit up?

A

6 months

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8
Q

A 15 year old overweight boy presents to your office limping with knee pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

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9
Q

A premature infant with hyaline membrane disease will have what appearance on CXR?

A

Bilateral atelectasis or ground glass appearance

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10
Q

Atypical or walking pneumonia is caused by what pathogen?

A

Mycoplasma

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11
Q

What antibiotic is first line treatment for mycoplasma pneumonia?

A

A macrolide, erythromycin or azithromycin

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12
Q

A patient is having seizures along with a mouse-like odor from the urine. What diagnosis should you be thinking of?

A

Phenylketonuria

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13
Q

The description of a dew drop on a rose petal should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Chickenpox

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14
Q

Pale and boggy nasal mucosa should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Allergic rhinitis

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15
Q

List the five major jones criteria for diagnosing rheumatic fever

A

Polyarthritis, carditis, subcuticular nodes, erythema marginatum, chorea

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16
Q

Describe erythema marginatum

A

Pink rings on the trunk and inner surfaces of the limbs

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17
Q

A child with bulky greasy stool should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Cystic fibrosis

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18
Q

At what age should an infant begin cooing?

A

2 months

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19
Q

What is the most common cause of an upper respiratory tract infection?

A

Rhinovirus

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20
Q

Kopek spots are white clustered lesions on the buccal mucosa. What virus are they pathognomonic for?

A

Measles/Rubella

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21
Q

What is the first line antibiotic for otitis media?

A

Amoxicillin

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22
Q

How do you treat a patient with RSV?

A

Albuterol, steroids, and fluids

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23
Q

A patient presents with painful ulcers in his mouth. On physical exam you find more of the same type of ulcers on his feet and hands. What virus is most likely causing these symptoms?

A

Coxsackie virus

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24
Q

What ist he gold standard for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis?

A

Sweat Chloride test

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25
Q

By what age should a child be able to walk?

A

12 months

26
Q

If you believe there may be a foreign body obstructing a child’s breathing what type of CXR should you order?

A

Expiratory view looking for hyperinflation due to air trapping

27
Q

What is the medical term for a lazy eye?

A

Amblyopia

28
Q

A patient presents with a staccato cough but no fever, what is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae

29
Q

What is the most serious complication of Kawasaki syndrome?

A

Aortic aneurysm

30
Q

A musical vibratory murmur best heard at the apex in a child should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Still’s murmur

31
Q

A palpable olive-shaped epigastric mass in a one month old should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Pyloric stenosis

32
Q

At what age should a child be able house a spoon and stack 3-4 blocks?

A

18 months

33
Q

What is the x-ray finding that supports diagnosis of a slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

A

Ice cream falling off the cone

34
Q

Which viral exanthem often has conjunctivitis as one of its symptoms?

A

Measles/rubella

35
Q

What ist he most common congenital heart defect?

A

VSD

36
Q

A boot-shaped heart on CXR should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

37
Q

During a physical exam of a child, you feel a tubular or sausage shaped mass. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Inussusception

38
Q

What ist he treatment for a volvulus in a child?

A

Barium enema

39
Q

By what age should a child be able to roll over?

A

4 months

40
Q

What is pertussis more commonly referred to as?

A

Whooping cough

41
Q

Which valve is most associated with rheumatic fever?

A

Mitral

42
Q

You hear a loud harsh holosystolic murmur in a child. It is best heard in the LLSB. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

VSD

43
Q

A child presents with paroxysmal abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Intussusception

44
Q

At what age should a child being to feed himself?

A

6 months

45
Q

Currant jelly stool should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Intussusception

46
Q

Is a URI that includes hoarseness viral or bacterial?

A

Viral

47
Q

Describe Barlow’s test

A

Adduct and internal rotation of the hips

48
Q

A CXR finding of notched ribs in a child should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Coarctation of the aorta

49
Q

How long should you wait for a swallowed marble to pass through the body before considering surgery?

A

24 hours

50
Q

A 4 year old boy presents between october and March with wheezing, coughing, a runny nose and increased respiratory rate. What is the most likely pathogen?

A

RSV

51
Q

By what age should a child be able to kick a ball?

A

24 months

52
Q

A child with fever lasting longer than 5 days should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Kawasaki disease

53
Q

A widely split fixed S2 should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

ASD

54
Q

Nasal polyps should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Cystic fibrosis

55
Q

In order to diagnose rheumatic fever what one thing must you have?

A

Evidence of strep infection either positive titer or positive culture

56
Q

Forchheimer spots are associated with what disease?

A

Rubella

57
Q

A salter-harris type III fracture affects what area of the bone?

A

The physis (Growth plate) as well as the epiphysis

58
Q

A lacey pink rash on the face of a child should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Erythema infectious aka fifth disease aka slapped cheek

59
Q

Unilateral purulent rhinitis should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Foreign body

60
Q

What is the medical term for cross-eyed?

A

Strabismus

61
Q

What organism is the most common cause of otitis media?

A

Strep pneumonia

62
Q

At what age should a child begin to say momma and dadda?

A

12 months

The Final Step (9 decks)

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