Pearls -- Labs and IV Therapy

Question 0

Prostate cancer

Answer 0

Psa screen. Biopsy confirmation

Question 1

Tb

Answer 1

Mantoux/ppd screen. Sputum to confirm

Question 2

Diabetes

Answer 2

3 test blood sugar > 125. Gtt 2hr value > 200 to confirm

Question 3

Hiv and aids

Answer 3

Elisa screen. Has high false positives so do another one if the 1st comes back positive then do a western blot

Question 4

Bun

Answer 4

10-20. Shows more dehydration. Severe indicates renal dysfunction. Low in liver disease cause liver can’t make it

Question 5

Creatinine

Answer 5

<1.2. Increases in renal dysfunction

Question 6

Hct

Answer 6

36-54

Question 7

Specific gravity of urine

Answer 7

1.005-1.030. High values indicate dehydration and greater than 1.020 indicates hypovolemia

Question 8

Sodium

Answer 8

135-145

Question 9

Potassium

Answer 9

3.5-5.2

Question 10

Magnesium

Answer 10

1.5-2.5 Low levels risk for dysthymias. Low levels seen with those who take diuretics

Question 11

Phosphorus

Answer 11

2.5-4.5

Question 12

Ammonia

Answer 12

Liver function 35-65

Question 13

Total bilirubin

Answer 13

<1.2

Question 14

Ca

Answer 14

8.5-10

Question 15

Albumin

Answer 15

3.5-5. Follows potassium

Question 16

Prealbumin

Answer 16

20-40

Question 17

Rbc

Answer 17

4.2-6million

Question 18

Wbc

Answer 18

5.0-11,000

Question 19

Lymphocytes

Answer 19

1,000-4,000

Question 20

Coumadin antidote

Answer 20

Vit K

Question 21

Heparin antidote

Answer 21

Protamine sulfate

Question 22

Lanoxin

Answer 22

Toxicity >2.5

Question 23

Aminophylline & Dilantin

Answer 23

10-20

Question 24

Phenobarbital

Answer 24

10-25

Question 25

Valproic acid

Answer 25

50-120 | Seizure

Question 26

Indirect Coombs test

Answer 26

Initial test for type and screen

Question 27

Uric acid level

Question 28

Fluid volume deficit | S&S and interventions

Answer 28

Dec urine output, thirst, confused, hypernatremia, low cvp, tenting of skin (check before looking at ft mucous membranes and cracked lips) Replace fluids!!!

Question 29

Normal fluid intake

Answer 29

2000 to 2500 ml. Need more with respiratory conditions to thin out secretions, more with fever, more with foley.

Question 30

Fluid volume overload

Answer 30

Weight gain, dyspnea, crackles, pulmonary edema, s3 gallop, jvd, peripheral edema. Monitor weight, Hob

Question 31

Neutrophil

Answer 31

3000-6000. Low put on precautions like reverse isolation, no fruit, veggies, flowers, black pepper, no standing water >15 minutes- no water pitcher.

Question 32

Platelet

Answer 32

150-400

Question 33

Liver function tests

Answer 33

Alt, alp, ast, urobillnogen, ammonia, bilirubin

Question 34

Alt

Answer 34

Liver

Question 35

Alp

Answer 35

Liver.

Question 36

Ast

Answer 36

Liver.

Question 37

Ammonia

Answer 37

Less than 100

Question 38

Amylase & Lipase

Answer 38

Less than 150

Question 39

Sign of electrolyte balance

Answer 39

Weakness and paresthesia

Question 40

Sodium and potassium

Answer 40

Opposite. Exchange.

Question 41

Sodium and ---- are buddies

Answer 41

Cl. Except infections

Question 42

Ca and --- run together and ---is opposite in absence of disease.

Answer 42

Mg. phosphorus

Question 43

K and ---are opposite.

Answer 43

H

Question 44

K, ca, mg

Answer 44

Run together

Question 45

Hco3 and cl

Answer 45

Opposite

Question 46

Low sodium

Answer 46

Due to fluid overload or renal problems. Will see confusion.

Question 47

High sodium

Answer 47

Salt. Skin flushed agitation low grade fever and thirst.

Question 48

Low k

Answer 48

Muscle weakness, constipation. Flat t waves, u waves, st depression

Question 49

High k

Answer 49

Tall t, wide qrs, no p wave. Treat with calcium gluconate insulin and dextrose, or sodium bicarbonate to put back in cell. Or kayexalate.

Question 50

Calcium

Answer 50

8.5 to 10. Twitch twitch. Seize. Nothing. Pth pulls calcitonin keeps.

Question 51

Low ca signs

Answer 51

Twitch, seizure. Chovateks and trosseaus.

Question 52

Ca/mg are ----

Answer 52

Opposite of phosphorus.

Question 53

High ca

Answer 53

Everything slows down.