PEA - Skill acquisition Flashcards
Describe and give examples of motor skills
A precise movement of muscle to achieve a desired outcome e.g running or jumping
What is a skilled performance?
Made to look easy but in reality had to be practised hundreds of times
What are the three phases of learning and there meanings?
cognitive (leaner), associative (intermediate), autonomous (expert)
What are the characteristics of a cognitive learner?
- inconsistent
-require support
-coach should give positive feedback
What are the characteristics of a associative learner?
- improved consistency
- begin to correct own mistakes
- coach should include more complex skills
What are the characteristics of a autonomous learner?
- consistent
- completed thousands of hours of practise
- coach gives detailed feedback
What are simple and complex motor skills?
simple skills require little concentration where complex skills is when the performer has to process lots of information
What are gross and fine motor skills?
Gross motor skills require large muscle movements, fine involve precise movements
What are open and closed motor skills?
closed means self paced, open means the environment if continually changing e.g defenders
What is whole learning?
When an entire skill is taught in one teaching session ( best used for simple skills )
What is part learning?
When you break the movements down into sub-routines / parts ( best used for complex skills )
Define knowledge of technique
Knowing how to do a skill, and using the correct technique to do it well
What are the 3 phases of knowledge of technqiue?
preparation, execution, follow through
What are 3 factors that affect learning a motor skill?
- temperature
- patience
- demonstration
what does quality of practise affect?
The quality and volume of practise and the way sessions are structured and organised affect skill progression
What are the characteristics of distributed practise?
- includes rest periods
- use when learning a new skill or complex skill
- use if performer is young or lacks concentration
What are the characteristics of massed practise?
- involves little or no rest
- use when developing skills with subroutines
- suits motivated experienced player
What is a blocked practise?
A practise where one skill is worked on
What is a random practise?
Sessions where you work on multiple skills
What does SMARTER stand for?
specific, measurable, agreed, realistic, timed, exciting, recorded
What is the importance of feedback?
It can be the most effective way of helping a performer gain and progress new skills
What is intrinsic feedback?
Feelings, motivation or feedback that come from within the athlete
What is extrinsic feedback?
Information about the athlete from and outside source
Define knowledge of results
Information about the outcome of a performance, helps athlete understand if they were successful
Define knowledge of performance
Information about how the movement was executed, helps with technique
How could a coach give effective feedback?
Positive reinforcement, demonstrations, videos analysis, immediate feedback
What is intrinsic motivation?
Comes from within the athlete
What is extrinsic motivations?
Motivation forces that come from outside the person and the activity
Identify some factors that affect motivation - Intrinsic
personal enjoyment, desire to improve skills, sense of achievement
Identify some factors that affect motivation - extrinsic
rewards such as money, praise from coaches, external pressures
What is the inverted U theory?
It suggest that performance improves with arousal up to an optimal level
what is over and under arousal?
Under arousal is when a persons arousal level is too low e.g boredom no motivation. Over means too high
What is arousal?
An increased level of mental excitement and alertness
