English vocab

Question 1

Direct characterisation:

Answer 1

The author explicitly describes a character’s traits (e.g.”She was kind and gentle”).

Question 2

Indirect characterisation:

Answer 2

The reader infers traits through a character’s actionsdialogue

Question 3

Archetype:

Answer 3

A universal character model or pattern (e.g.the hero

Question 4

Foil:

Answer 4

A character who contrasts with another highlighting their traits.

Question 5

Linear narrative:

Answer 5

Events are presented in chronological order.

Question 6

Non-linear narrative:

Answer 6

Events are presented out of order (e.g. flashbacks

Question 7

Conflict:

Answer 7

The main problem driving the story either internal (character vs. self) or external (character vs. other forces like society

Question 8

Foreshadowing:

Answer 8

Hints about events to come.

Question 9

Climax:

Answer 9

The turning point or moment of highest tension.

Question 10

Setting:

Answer 10

The time place

Question 11

Pathetic fallacy:

Answer 11

Attributing human emotions to nature or the environment to reflect mood.

Question 12

First-person:

Answer 12

The narrator is a character in the story (e.g. “I walked to the store”).

Question 13

Third-person limited:

Answer 13

The narrator knows the thoughts of one character.

Question 14

Third-person omniscient:

Answer 14

The narrator knows the thoughts of all characters.

Question 15

Unreliable narrator:

Answer 15

A narrator whose credibility is questionable.

Question 16

Stream of consciousness:

Answer 16

A narrative style that mimics the flow of a character’s thoughts.

Question 17

Intrusive narrator:

Answer 17

A narrator who interrupts the story to provide commentary.

Question 18

Imagery:

Answer 18

Descriptive language appealing to the senses (e.g.”The roses smelled sweet and filled the air with a heady aroma”).

Question 19

Figurative language:

Answer 19

Creative expressions that go beyond literal meaning including:

Question 20

Metaphor:

Answer 20

Direct comparison (e.g.”Her smile was sunshine”).

Question 21

Simile:

Answer 21

Comparison using “like” or “as” (e.g. “He ran like the wind”).

Question 22

Personification:

Answer 22

Giving human qualities to non-human things (e.g.”The wind whispered through the trees”).

Question 23

Symbolism:

Answer 23

Using objects or characters to represent abstract ideas (e.g.a dove symbolizing peace).

Question 24

Motif:

Answer 24

A recurring elementsuch as an image or idea

Question 25

Allusion:

Answer 25

A reference to another texthistorical event

Question 26

Allegory:

Answer 26

A story functioning as an extended metaphor where characters and events represent abstract ideas (e.g.George Orwell's Animal Farm).

Question 27

Tone:

Answer 27

The author’s attitude toward the subject (e.g. serious

Question 28

Mood:

Answer 28

The emotional atmosphere created by the text (e.g. eerie

Question 29

Purpose:

Answer 29

The reason the author writes the text (e.g.to inform

Question 30

Audience:

Answer 30

The intended readers or viewers influencing tone and style.

Question 31

Chronological:

Answer 31

Events or points presented in time order.

Question 32

Cause and Effect:

Answer 32

Explaining why something happens and its consequences.

Question 33

Compare and Contrast:

Answer 33

Highlighting similarities and differences between ideas.

Question 34

Problem-Solution:

Answer 34

Presenting an issue and proposing resolutions.

Question 35

Cyclical structure:

Answer 35

A structure where the ending mirrors or reflects the beginning.

Question 36

Juxtaposition:

Answer 36

Placing contrasting ideasevents

Question 37

Formal language:

Answer 37

Polished professional tone with precise vocabulary.

Question 38

Informal language:

Answer 38

Conversational tone including colloquialisms and slang.

Question 39

Rhetorical questions:

Answer 39

Questions posed to provoke thought rather than elicit an answer (e.g. "Who wouldn’t want success?").

Question 40

Cliche:

Answer 40

an over-used expression. (e.g.It was a dark and stormy night).

Question 41

Ethos:

Answer 41

Establishing credibility or authority (e.g.citing expertise).

Question 42

Pathos:

Answer 42

Appealing to emotions (e.g. a personal anecdote).

Question 43

Logos:

Answer 43

Appealing to logic through facts and statistics.

Question 44

Chiasmus:

Answer 44

A rhetorical figure where words or phrases are reversed for effect (e.g. "Ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country").

Question 45

Antithesis:

Answer 45

Contrasting ideas placed in parallel structures (e.g. "It was the best of times

Question 46

Jargon:

Answer 46

Specialised language usedoften defined by profession or group of shared interests.

Question 47

Hyperbole:

Answer 47

Deliberate exaggeration for effect (e.g. "This product will change your life!").

Question 48

Anecdote:

Answer 48

A short personal story to illustrate a point.

Question 49

Direct address:

Answer 49

Speaking directly to the audience (e.g. "You need to act now").

Question 50

Imperative:

Answer 50

An order or command for an action.

Question 51

Repetition:

Answer 51

words or statements used more than once for emphasis

Question 52

Point of view:

Answer 52

The author’s perspective or stance.

Question 53

Bias:

Answer 53

The author's subjective views or preferencesoften revealed through word choice.

Question 54

Euphemism:

Answer 54

Mild or indirect phrasing to soften harsh realities (e.g. "passed away" instead of "died").

Question 55

Satire:

Answer 55

Use of humour irony

Question 56

Lineation:

Answer 56

How lines are arranged in the poem (e.g. long lines

Question 57

Stanza forms:

Answer 57

Groupings of lines (e.g. couplets

Question 58

Enjambment:

Answer 58

A line that flows without pause into the next.

Question 59

Caesura:

Answer 59

A pause within a line often marked by punctuation.

Question 60

Volta:

Answer 60

A shift in tone or argument especially in sonnets.

Question 61

Free verse:

Answer 61

Poetry without a regular rhyme or meter.

Question 62

Imagery:

Answer 62

Vivid sensory descriptions to evoke specific images or emotions.

Question 63

Alliteration:

Answer 63

Repetition of initial consonant sounds.

Question 64

Assonance:

Answer 64

Repetition of vowel sounds (e.g. "The rain in Spain").

Question 65

Onomatopoeia:

Answer 65

Words that imitate sounds (e.g."buzz

Question 66

Cacophony

Answer 66

Use of harsh, discordant sounds.

Question 67

Euphony

Answer 67

Use of pleasing, harmonious sounds.

Question 68

Persona:

Answer 68

The voice or role assumed by the poet or speaker.

Question 69

Dramatic monologue

Answer 69

A poem in which the speaker addresses a silent listener, revealing their character indirectly.