pe a &p Flashcards
ATP PC energy system
used during very high intensity exercise - 100m sprint, pole vault
up to 30 seconds - duration
fuel source - phosphocreatine
energy yield - 1:1
when exercising, ADP levels increase and ATP levels decrease
causes the enzyme - creatine kinase to be released - catalyses the breakdown of PC
coupled reaction
PC –> P + C + energy
ADP + P + energy –> ATP
+ and - ATP PC
+
no delay for 02
PC stores readily available in the sarcoplasm
no fatiguing byproducts
-
low ATP yield and small PC stores
leads to rapid fatigue
glycolytic system
used during high intensity exercise - 400m
PC and ATP stores decrease
ADP and P stores increase
triggers released phosphofructokinase - PFK - catalyses the breakdown of glucose
if glucose levels dip -
glycogen phosphorylase - GPP catalyses
glycogen stores –> glucose
glucose is broken down anaerobically by anaerobic glycolysis
glucose –> pyruvic acid
glycolytic ATP resynthesis will continue for 3 mins but at this high intensity oxygen in=s not available and lactate dehydrogenase - LDH is released
pyruvic acid –> lactic acid
energy yield = 1:2
+ and - glycolytic
+
no delay for 02
large fuel stores in muscles and liver
Fast Fuel breakdown for ATP resynthesis
lactic acid can be recycled into fuel for further energy production
-
fatiguing byproduct of lactic acid reduces pH and enzyme activity - inhibits enzyme activity preventing further breakdown of fuel and ATP resynthesis
low ATP yield and recovery long
aerobic system
low to moderate exercise - marathon
glycolysis:
glucose –> pyruvate
catalysed by PFK
glycogen –> glucose
catalysed by GPP
to maintain glucose stores
link reaction:
pyruvic acid –> acetyl coA
Krebs cycle
acetyl coA + oxaloacetic acid –> citric acid
ETC
NADH and FADH -> drop off H+ ions and by chemiosmosis H+ ions diffuse down conc gradient –> ATP resynthesis
NADH yield = 30 moles
FADH = 4 moles
glycolysis = 4moles
yield = 1:38
triglycerides can be metabolised aerobically as FFA’s
lipase catalyses reaction
FFA–> acetylcoA
+ and - aerobic
+
large fuel stores, FFA, glycogen and glucose
high ATP yield
no fatiguing byproducts
-
delay for 02
slow energy production
triglycerides demand 15% more 02 for breakdown
