(PDQ2) Chapter 2 - State and Society in the Philippines

Question 1

The first important commercial center in Southeast Asia to convert to Islam

Answer 1

Melaka

Question 2

Three bases of political power

Answer 2

Material reward, coercion, spiritual power

Question 3

A royal ruler imbued with a charge of spiritual power (daulat)

Answer 3

Sultan

Question 4

The datu class distinguished itself as __ to take advantage of greater social stratification

Answer 4

“nobility”

Question 5

Home to the first sultanate and supra-barangay state in the Philippine archipelago.

Answer 5

Sulu

Question 6

An official one rank lower than a datu

Answer 6

Panglima

Question 7

series of battles by Christian states to expel the Muslims (Moors), who from the 8th century ruled most of the Iberian Peninsula

Answer 7

reconquista

Question 8

Name of the Philippines first used during Spanish expeditions after King Philip II

Answer 8

Felipinas

Question 9

Name of Manila during Legazpi’s time

Answer 9

Maynilad

Question 10

Spiritual Conquest

Answer 10

Conquista espiritual

Question 11

The Spanish referred to the new Christians of Luzon and the Visayas, who would eventually comprise the majority population of the Philippines, as __ or __. And they called the Muslims __

Answer 11

Indios or Naturales
Moros

Question 12

Barangays were coaxed or coerced into towns (cabaceras) organized around a newly built church with a resident friar through this process.

Answer 12

reducción

Question 13

small outlying settlements equipped with a chapel to receive a visiting friar

Answer 13

visitas

Question 14

District Capitals - ?
Towns - ?
Villages - ?
Hamlets - ?

Answer 14

Cabacera
Poblaciones
Barrios / barangays
Sitios

Question 15

The object of reducción was to bring all indios into Christian communities

Answer 15

bajo de la campana (under the church bells)

Question 16

Open Square

Answer 16

Plaza mayor

Question 17

Friar’s residence

Answer 17

convento

Question 18

the administrative right to collect tribute and draft labor from among the inhabitants of a defined geographical area, along with the responsibility to protect them and provide religious instruction.

Answer 18

Encomiendas

Question 19

Administrative provinces were headed by an ___ (provincial governor)

Answer 19

Alcalde mayor

Question 20

Offspring of indio-Chinese unions

Answer 20

mestizos

Question 21

“Little governor”

Answer 21

Gobernadorcillo

Question 22

Village head, lower-ranked than gobernadorcillo

Answer 22

Cabeza de barangay

Question 23

Ruling and usually educated class, comprising of gobernadorcillo, tenientes de justicia, cabezas de barangay (ex-datus and their descendants)

Answer 23

Principalia

Question 24

Landed estates

Answer 24

Haciendas

Question 25

compulsory forty days labor
per year owed by tribute payers to the state.

Answer 25

polos y servicios

Question 26

cutting and hauling trees and building galleons and warships

Answer 26

cortes de madera