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Cell and molecular biology > PDH complex and krebs cycle > Flashcards

PDH complex and krebs cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the net equation in from the PDH complex?

A

2 x

Pyruvate + CoA-SH + NAD –> CO2 + acetyl-CoA NADH + H

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2
Q

What are the 3 enzymes in the PDH complex?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase

Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase

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3
Q

How many copies of pyruvate dehydrogenase in the PDH complex?

A

20-30

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4
Q

How many copies of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase in the PDH complex?

A

60

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5
Q

How many copies of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase in the PDH complex?

A

6

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6
Q

Where does the krebs cycle occur?

A

In the matrix of the mitochondria

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7
Q

What are the net products of the krebs cycle?

A

4 x CO2
6 x NADH
2 x FADH2
2 x GTP

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8
Q

What is the PDH complex inhibited by?

A

Phosphorylation by PDH kinase

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9
Q

What is PDH kinase activated by?

A
  • ATP
  • NADH
  • acetyl-coA
  • GTP
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10
Q

What is PDH kinase inactivated by?

A
  • Pyruvate
  • NAD+
  • ADP
  • CoA-SH
  • Ca2+
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11
Q

What is the PDH complex activated by and what activates this?

A

Activated by dephosphorylation by PDH kinase, which is activated by:

  • Ca2+
  • Mg2+
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12
Q

What is citrate synthase inhibited by?

A

ATP

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13
Q

What is isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibited by?

A

ATP

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14
Q

What is isocitrate dehydrogenase activated by?

A

GTP

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15
Q

What is alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase inhibited by?

A

Succinyl CoA and NADH

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16
Q

What does sodium fluorocetate do?

A
  • Combines with CoA to make fluoroacetyl CoA
  • Fluoroacetyl CoA reacts with citrate synthase to make fluorocitrate
  • Fluorocitrate binds tightly with aconitase and halts the cycle
  • Citrate acid accumulation
  • Inhibits PFK-1
17
Q

What is Beriberi and what causes it?

A
  • Vitamin B1 deficiency
  • Vitamin B1 is thiamine
  • Thiamine pryophosphate required as part of the PDH complex and a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
  • Deficienst causes high levels of pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate
  • Damage to the nervous system and weakness in muscles
18
Q

What other things can make acetyl-CoA in order to supply the krebs cycle?

A

Fats - fatty acids and glycerol

Polysaccharides - glucose

Proteins - amino acids

Cell and molecular biology (17 decks)

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