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PCS > PCS 2 > Flashcards

PCS 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Lymph from the jejunum drains into which nodes?

A

?

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2
Q

The veins of which structures drain into the portal vein?

A

?

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3
Q

Which amino acid is essential in the infant diet but not the adult diet

A

Arginine

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4
Q

Mutation of the gene p53 is often found in human cancers this is because…

A

It can induce cell death by apoptosis

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5
Q

Name a cell involved in inflammation / allergy and produced heparin and histamine as the main gene products

A

Basophils

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6
Q

Name an event that causes necrosis rather than apoptosis?

A

Physical trauma during development

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7
Q

During normal cardiac rhythm which area drives heart rate?

A

Sino-atrial node

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8
Q

Which hormone is normally released from gastric mucosa and acts to simulate appetites

A

Ghrelin

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9
Q

Why does a cell arrest at G1 when it detects severe DNA damage?

A

To stop cell from entering S Phase and doubling the damage

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10
Q

Which vitamin is recommended for supplementation when attempting to conceive?

A

B9

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11
Q

Which form of vitamin D is produced in the liver?

A

25 - hydroxycholecaliciferol

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12
Q

What hormone normally acts to stimulate gastric secretion of acid

A

Gastrin

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13
Q

What is the correct name given to the pressure inflection seen between systolic and diastolic pressure caused by the closure of the aortic valve

A

Incisura

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14
Q

Hutchinson - Gilford progeria syndrome causes premature death of suffered. What is the best description of the cause of this premature death?

A

Progressive atherosclerosis

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15
Q

Which veins are direct tributaries of the superior vena cava

A

Left internal jugular vein
Right brachiocephalic vein
Azygos vein

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16
Q

Which organs are retroperitoneal?

A

?

17
Q

A patient is undergoing surgery for a suspected hernia. The surgeon finds that the sac of the hernia protrudes through the anterior abdominal wall lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels. What is the most likely type of hernia present?

A

?

18
Q

How many basic structural units is IgM composed of?

A

5

19
Q

Name a substance secreted by T cytotoxic lymphocytes?

A

Granzymes

20
Q

Name a cell type that expresses MHC II molecules

A

Dendritic cells

21
Q

Which part of the structure of an immunoglobulin will bind to antigen?

A

The complimentary determining region

22
Q

The complement protein C5a has a role in what?

A

Chemotaxis

23
Q

Name a characteristic of the adaptive immune response

A

Fixed immunity

24
Q

What type of immune response are B lymphocytes primarily involved in?

A

Humoral immunity

25
Q

What is the main function of plasma cells

A

Antibody secretion

26
Q

C3 convertase function?

A

Converts C3 into C3a/b

27
Q

Name the structures in walls / contents in the spermatic cord

A 
Vas deferens
Internal / external spermatic fascia 
Pampiniform plexus of veins 
Cremaster muscle 
Processus vaginalis
28
Q

What brand of the abdominal aorta supplies the descending colon

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

29
Q

What brand of the abdominal aorta supplies the pyloric sphincter

A

Coeliac trunk

30
Q

What brand of the abdominal aorta supplies the fourth part of the duodenum?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

31
Q

What brand of the abdominal aorta supplies the spleen

A

Coeliac trunk

32
Q

What brand of the abdominal aorta supplies the appendix

A

Superior mesenteric artery

33
Q

What brand of the abdominal aorta supplies the rectum

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

34
Q

What forms the superior boundary of the epiploic foramen

A

The liver

35
Q

What phase best describes when release of the hormone secretin does occur?

A

Intestinal

36
Q

Which vessel lies directly posterior to the manubrium sterni and is in danger of injury in dislocation of the left sternoclavicular joint ?

A

Left brachiocephalic vein

PCS (3 decks)

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