PCS 1 Flashcards
What fuel source is being used predominantly by the muscle when respiratory exchange ratio is greater than 1?
Glucose
Phosphorylation of enzymes is a common mechanism used to regulate their activity in the body - phosphorylation is an example of what?
Covalent modification
Which of the following is a nucleoside Acetly co a Guanosine diphosphate Cytosine Carnitine Spastic acid
Guanosine diphosphate
What is the name of the cell-cell anchoring junctions found between epithelial cells of the small intestine
Desmosomes
A footballer is told that the injury to their leg is a tibial subperiosteal haematoma caused when they collided with a ten mate during training - what is the periosteum
Loose connective tissue sheath surrounding the bone
A patient with mucosal blisters which are fragile - the diagnosis is pemphigus vulgaris - what epidermal structure is affected by this disease
Desmosomes
What are the main functions of epithelia
Covering and lining
What structure do all epithelia sit upon
Basement membrane
What is the order of the 4 levels of protein structure
Primary secondary tertiary quaternary
In addition to cells and ground substance what is the other key ingredient of connective tissue
Fibres
An 8 month old boy weighing 9kg requires a dose of midazolam 2.5 mg to be administered buccally for febrile convulsions. Buccal midazolam liquid is available as a 10mg/mL solution. What volume of liquid should the patient be given?
?
A mother presents with a 5 year old infant that has recently started having seizures. Upon investigation the mother is told that her child has inherited Tay-Sachs syndrome. At the cellular level, this is an abnormal accumulation of what?
Waste products with the cells
An athlete has a torn meniscus in the right knee is advised that surgery is reunited to repair the rear. What is the connective tissue usually found in the meniscus of the knee
Fibrocartilage
A 90 year old woman has osteoporosis and has significant compact bone loss. What cells are responsible for bone reabsorption?
Osteoclasts
The brachial artery begins at?
The lower border of teres major
Name a factor that would increase conduction velocity?
Increasing axon diameter
The hyperpolarisation phase of an action potential is caused by what?
Slow closing of the voltage gated potassium channels
Name the muscles responsible for flexing the elbow joint
?
The action potential in a neutron…
… had an upstroke towards the sodium ion equilibrium potential
What event during skeletal muscle contraction causes the power stroke?
?
Influx of which ion would cause an inhibitory post synaptic potential?
Chloride
Describe secondary active transport
Electrochemical gradient of one molecule is used to move another molecule against its electrochemical gradient
What is the role of myosin phosphatase In smooth muscle?
Enables detachment of cross bridges
Membranes of excitable cells at rest are most permeable to which ion?
?
Compound action potentials can be recorded using what method?
Using 2 extracellular recording electrodes to measure a summed response
Innervation of the anterior compartment of the arm
Musculocutaneous nerve
Innervation of the posterior compartment of the forarm
Radial nerve
Innervation of the anterior compartment of the forearm
Median nerve
Innervation of the compartment of the hand (with 4 exceptions)
Ulnar nerve
Classification of the the joint 1 interphalangeal joint 2 metacarpophalangeal joint 3 inferior radioulnar joint 4 wrist joint 5 first carpometacarpel joint
1 synovial hinge 2 synovial condyloid 3 synovial pivot 4 synovial ellipsiod 5 synovial saddle
