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OD1 - Integrated Ophthalmic Sciences & Preclinical Optometry > PC - Fundus Lens - Week 1 > Flashcards

PC - Fundus Lens - Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

When should the posterior eye always be examined?

A

As part of a routine eye exam.

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2
Q

Must patients always be dilated for a fundus lens exam?

A

No, undilated fundus lens should be attempted routinely on a patient not being dilated at the current visit, or when a DFE is contraindicated.

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3
Q

Consider a patient that has been dilated with no contraindications. Should you perform a fundus lens exam, or do a BIO exam?

A

Always perform both on a dilated patient.

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4
Q

Are cataracts an indication for a fundus lens exam?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Name 3 general indications for a fundus lens exam.

A

Indications for DFE
1st presentation
Reduced best corrected VA

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6
Q

Name 15 PC indications for a fundus lens exam.

A 
Reported visual disturbance
Photopsia
Floaters
Metamorphosia
Metachromatopsia
Shadows
Veils
Curtain of reduced vision
Scotoma
VF deficit
HA
Diplopia
Ptosis
Pupil abnormalities
Trauma (hyphaema)
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7
Q

Name 5 GH indications for a fundus lens exam.

A 
Diabetes
Hypertension
Cancer
High cholesterol
Lupus
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8
Q

Aside from general, PC, GH, and cataracts, name 4 indications for a fundus lens exam.

A

Known PVD
Previous RD
Retinal/choroidal lesion

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9
Q

Would suspicion of glaucoma be enough indication for a fundus lens exam?

A

Yes

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10
Q

Consider the power of a fundus lens. What do high and low powers mean for the field of view and magnification?

A

Low powers give higher magnification, but a lower field of view
High powers give low magnification, but a higher field of view

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11
Q

What light set up is ideal for a fundus lens setup?

A

Dim room lights

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12
Q

Consider a fundus lens exam on a patients right eye. What is an ideal fixation point? Name 3.

A

Your right ear, the dial, or a pixation light.

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13
Q

What is an ideal range of magnification to start a fundus lens exam with?

A

Start low, vary during examination

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14
Q

What height should the light beam be during a fundus lens exam?

A

Small, no bigger than the pupil

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15
Q

Where should 90D, and superfield lenses be held in relation to the eye vs 78D?

A

90D+ - close to the lashes

78D - 8mm from the eye

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16
Q

Where should the lens first be placed, and where would the top of the lens coincide with?

A

In front of the pupil

Top of the lens should be approximately at the brow

17
Q

What can you do if you lose view of the fundus?

A

Try small movements of the lens, check recentration, and the light.

18
Q

What can you use to check the stereo of your view?

A

Examining the NR/cup

19
Q

What is the time limit on viewing a given fundus area on medium settings?

A

> 1 minute

20
Q

What can you do to determine the conour of the fundus area you are examining?

A

Use a thin slit, and deviations will suggest a raised or depressed area.
Practise on the foveal pit.

21
Q

How can floaters within the vitreous humour be brought into focus?

A

Pull the SL back, the retina will become out of focus, and the floater will appear, usually yellow.

22
Q

Suppose you are looking at the optic disc and are satisfied. What should you do next?

A

Follow the major BV arcades from the disc in all quadrants.

23
Q

Consider using a SL and a lens, which direction should it be moved in?

A

SL - moved in the opposite direction to retina examined

Lnes - same direction

24
Q

Consider the following areas of the retina to be examined:
Superior
Inferior
Temporal
Nasal
What direction should the patient’s gaze be directed?

A

Superior - up
Inferior - down
Temporal - temporal
Nasal - nasal

25
Q

Consider needing to estimate the distance of a site of interest from the peripheral retina to the optic disc. How can this be achieved if both structures cannot be viewed within a single field of view?

A

Direct small changes in gaze to the patient, and estimate disc diameters as you progress towards the disc.

26
Q 
Consider a situation where the patients gaze is directed in one of the following:
Up
Down
Left
Right
A

Up - inferior edge enwards
Down - superior edge inwards
Left - left edge inwards
Right - right edge inwards

27
Q

What is the purpose of the red-free filter, and what is the light transmitted by it chiefly absorbed by?

A

Used to differentiate pigment from blood, and allows localisation of pigmentary lesions.
Absorbed by the RPE and Hb.

28
Q

What can the red-free filter allow visualisation of?

A

The nerve fibre layer.

29
Q

What ratio is the red-free filter used for?

A

C:D

30
Q

Give a template of a recording for a fundus lens exam?

A

Undilated or dilated
Drops - %, type, dose, time, eye (R/L)
Findings - draw findings in correct sector
Hint - can turn paper upside down to help out, but write what the structures are when right way up.

OD1 - Integrated Ophthalmic Sciences & Preclinical Optometry (123 decks)

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