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Board Exam - Part One > PBS top 100 drugs > Flashcards

PBS top 100 drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenaline (epinephrine) Epipen

A

CLASS:

Sympathomimetic

INDICATIONS:

Anaphylactic reaction

DOSE:

150mcg (<20kg) - 300mcg (>20kg) SC stat

MONITORING:

Response, airways, DRABC

COUNSELLING:

Tell everyone you know what you’re allergic to and educate. Keep 2 Epipens at all times.

Call 000
Note expiry.
Remove cap - ‘Blue to the sky, orange to the thigh’.
Hold in for 10 secs and then massage for 10 secs. - can pierce clothes - avoid seam

Available S3. Store 15-25˚C. Check solution is clear before administering. Repeat after 5 min if no response.

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2
Q

Alendronate

A

CLASS:

Bisphosphate

INDICATIONS:

Paget’s disease

Osteoporosis prevention/tx

DOSE:

Osteo - 10mg daily OR 70mg weekly

Pagets - 40mg daily for 6 months

(comes in 10mg, 40mg, 70mg, combo packs)

MONITORING:

BMD

renal function

dental health

vitamin D and Calcium levels

COUNSELLING:

Swallow whole with a full glass of water first thing in AM 30 mins before breakfast.
Remain upright for at least 30 mins

Ensure weekly tablet taken on same day every week

L4a - no antacids, iron, calc w/i 2 hours of dose

Inform dr if new/worsening heartburn or musculoskel pain

Can -> NVD, headaches

Ensure regular dental checkups

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3
Q

Allopurinol

A

CLASS:

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (reduces uric acid production/urate levels)

INDICATIONS:

Gout

Chronic symptomatic hyperuricemia

Prev tumour lysis syndrome

DOSE:

100mg(starting) - 600mg daily (MAX:900mg)

(Comes in 100mg, 300mg)

MONITORING:

Renal function
Liver function
Urate levels
For gout flares

COUNSELLING:

Take with food to reduce GI upset

Drink plenty of water to prevent urate crystals in kidneys

  • L5* many interactions - check before taking any new meds/herbals
  • L12* Can make dizzy initially - see how you feel before driving

Can -> NVD, taste disturbance

Inform dr/stop mmediately if rash develops

Should not be commenced during flare (unless on appropirate flare cover), can increase attacks initially (does not mean tx failure), continue taking even through flares

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4
Q

Alprazolam

A

CLASS:

Benzodiazepine (short acting 6-12 hours)

INDICATIONS:

Anxiety

Panic disorder

DOSE:

  1. 5-4mg daily in 3-4 doses (MAX 10mg)
    * (Comes in 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2mg)*

MONITORING:

Sedation, respiratory rate, falls risk

Tolerance, dependence, diversion, duration of tx

Renal and liver func (reduce dose)

Blood counts

COUNSELLING:

L1 - sedation, see how you feel before driving
Alcohol/other sedatives will increase this effect

Ideally only for use ST and PRN

L9 - If have been taking long term, do not stop suddenly, dose titration required.

Can -> drowsiness, confusion, hypersalivation, ataxia, sexual dysfunction

Withdrawal effects = anxiety, dysphoria, insomnia, aggitation

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5
Q

Amiodarone

A

CLASS:

Antiarrhythmic

INDICATIONS:

Tx/proph of refractory tachyarrhythmias 2dary to AF, SVT(supraventicular tachy)

DOSE:

100-400mg daily (maint)

OR

(loading) 200mg tds, then 200mg bd
* (Comes in 100mg, 200mg)*

MONITORING:

Eye examination

Thyroid function

ECGs

chest xray

liver function

FBE

electrolyte balance

drug conc (TDM)

COUNSELLING:

  • L5* - many interactions check before new drugs/herbals
  • L8* - photosensitivity
  • L18* - no grapefruit

Can -> exacerbation of arrhythmia, pulmonary toxicity, thyroid dysfunction, coneal microdeposits (regular testing is important)

Can also cause NV, taste disturbance, blue-grey skin pigmentation and vivid dreams

Has a long half life - so symptoms can take months/years to occur after starting and stop after ceasing

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6
Q

Amitripyline

A

CLASS:

Tricyclic Antidepressant

INDICATIONS:

Major depression

Nocturnal enuresis, urinary incontinence

Neuropathic pain

Migraine proph

DOSE:

25-150mg (MAX 300mg) -depression

Lower doses (ie10mg) for migrain and incont

(Comes in 10mg, 25mg, 50mg)

MONITORING:

BP, ECG (qt prolong)

suicidal thoughts, worsening of symptoms

clinical effect

liver func (dose reduction)

serotonin toxicity

COUNSELLING: L1, L5, L9, L13, L16

L1 - sedation. caution driving. take at night

Takes time to start working - start seeing difference in 1-2 weeks, full effect up to 8 weeks
Can make you feel worse before better - tell someone you’re on it to help monitor your mood, see dr if issue

Can -> drowsy, blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention (antislud) - these should go away

Can -> weight gain

L9 - do not stop suddenly. see dr for weaning plan

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7
Q

Amlodipine

A

CLASS:

Dihydropyridine Calcium channel blocker

INDICATIONS:

Hypertension

Angina

DOSE:

  1. 5-10mg once daily
    * (Comes in 5mg, 10mg, combos)*

MONITORING:

BP

liver function

peripheral oedema (doesn’t respond to diruetics)

COUNSELLING: L9, L12*, L18

Take every day, it’s important to take even if you can’t feel it working.
Can take 2 weeks to reduce BP effectively
L9 - do not stop suddenly

L18 - Avoid grapefruit

Can -> dizziness, headache, flushing (these should go away)

Tell dr if ankles swollen

Does come in combo if needed

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8
Q

Amoxicillin

A

CLASS:

Penicillin Antibiotic

INDICATIONS:

CAP

Ear infections

Sinusitis

UTI

H. pylori

DOSE:

250-1000mg TDS
or
1g BD

Paed: 7.5-25mg/kg (MAX 500mg) TDS

(Comes in 250mg, 500mg, 1g, 25mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 100mg/ml)

MONITORING:

Response to therapy

Sensitiviy/resistance

Signs of allergy

Hepatic/renal func, FBC tx>10days

COUNSELLING:

Take with/without food (with food if GI upset)
Space doses evenly
Complete course

Can -> NVD, widespread rash

Look out for signs of allergy (swelling, diff breathing) - see dr

Suspension: fridge, shake, d28

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9
Q

Amoxycillin with Clavulanic acid

A

CLASS:

Penicillin antibiotic + beta-lactamase inhibitor

INDICATIONS:

HAP

Epididymo-orchitis , PID, UTI

Bite injuries

Ear infection (if amox hasnt worked)

Sinusitis

DOSE:

500mg/125mg-875mg/125mg BD (can up lower dose to TDS)

Paed: 7.5-20mg/kg (max500) TDS
or
22.5mg/kg (max 875) BD

(Comes in 500/125mg, 875/125mg, 125/31.25mg/5mL, 400/57mg/5mL)

MONITORING:

For allergy

hepatic/renal func, FBC tx>10days

Clin effect, sensitivity, resistance

COUNSELLING:

Space doses evenly

Best absorbed with food

Can -> NVD, widespread rash

If swelling/diff breathing cease and see dr

Suspension: fridge, shake, d28

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10
Q

Anastrozole

A

CLASS:

Aromatase inhibitor - hormonal antineoplastic (reduce tissue oestrogen conc)

INDICATIONS:

Hormone receptor-positive breast ca in post menopausal

DOSE:

1mg once dialy

MONITORING:

BMD, Vit D, Calcium, VitD+Cal supplements

Regular screening/cancer status

COUNSELLING: L12, 21, LA

Can -> hot flushes, vag dryness, weakness, rash, headache, naus, diarr, joint/muscle pain, periph oedema, carpal tunnel

Ensure adequate vit D and calc intake (may need supple)

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11
Q

Apixaban

A

CLASS:

Factor Xa inhibitor anticoagulant

INDICATIONS:

Prev VTE post knee/hip replacement

Tx acute VTE + Proph of subsequent VTE

Non-valvular AF (to prev stroke/embolism)

DOSE:

Post knee/hip replace
2.5mg BD for 10-14 (knee) or 32-38(hip) days

VTE treat
10mg bd for 7 days, then 5mg bd

Subs VTE proph
2.5mg BD

AF
5mg BD

MONITORING:

Signs of bleeding

Leg pain or swelling/presence of emboli

Renal function

Other meds

Renal func

COUNSELLING:

Take at same time everyday - use calender?
With or without food

  • L10b* - do not take aspirin or other NSAIDS
  • L18 -* avoid grapefruit

Look out for signs of bleeding (nosebleeds, unexpalined bruises, coffee coloured vomit, dark stools, discoloured urine) or bleeding that wont stop.
If you notice leg pain, swelling, feel weak, dizzy, SOB - see dr immediately

This medication doesn’t have a reversal to stop bleeding like warfarin - take care not to sustain serious injuries and go to ED if you do. Consider med alert bracelet or card in wallet.

Inform all health professionals you are taking this (dentists, pods, drs, pharmacists) and check with them before taking any new meds/herbals as there are many interactions

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12
Q

Aspirin

A

CLASS:

NSAID analgesic, antiplatelet

INDICATIONS:

Acute coronary syndrome

Hx of symptomatic atherosclerosis

Pain, infl, fever

DOSE:

antiplatelet - 100mg daily

analgesic - 300-900mg q4-6h (MAX 4g daily)

MONITORING:

Signs of bleeding or PUD

renal/liver function

Salicylate allergy or NSAID bronchospasm (esp in asthma)

COUNSELLING:

L9 - Take every day, do not stop suddenly

Do not double up with other NSAIDs (if using high dose)

Look out for signs of bleeding (coffee coloured vom, nosebleed, unexpl bruising, discoloured urine, dark stools)

Experience abdo pain, indigestion inform dr

Inform health professionals youre on it (may need to stop before surgery)

Should not be given to <16yo (Reye’s syndrome)

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13
Q

Aspirin plus Dipyrimadole

A

CLASS:

Dual antiplatelet

INDICATIONS:

Secondary prev of ischaemic stroke and TIA

DOSE:

CR 25mg aspirin/200mg dipyri BD

(Comes in 25/200mg CR, 200mg CR-dipyri only)

MONITORING:

Signs of bleeding or PUD

renal/liver function

Salicylate allergy or NSAID bronchospasm (esp in asthma)

COUNSELLING:

Take every day, swallow whole

L16 - can cause dizziness

Look out for signs of bleeding (coffee coloured vom, nosebleed, unexpl bruising, discoloured urine, dark stools)

Experience abdo pain, indigestion inform dr

Inform health professionals youre on it (may need to stop before surgery)

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14
Q

Atenolol

A

CLASS:

Selective beta 1 Beta-blocker

INDICATIONS:

HTN

Angina

Tachyarrhythmias

MI

Migraine proph

DOSE:

25mg-100mg daily

(Comes in 50mg)

MONITORING:

BP

Can worsen heart failure at start

Renal func

COPD, asthma (exacerbate)
Diabetes (mask hypogly)
Raynaud’s phenomenon (exacerb)
(But less likely in atenolol)

COUNSELLING: L9, L12*

L12 - May cause drowsy/dizzy when first starting - caution driving and standing. May feel lethargic for first few days

Take everyday - not a med you can feel working
L9 - Do not stop suddenly

Can -> cold extremities

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15
Q

Atorvastatin

A

CLASS:

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)

INDICATIONS:

Hypercholesteraemia

HTN patients with addit heart disease risk factors

DOSE:

10-80mg once daily

(Comes in 10, 20, 40, 80mg, combos)

MONITORING:

Lipid levels (HDL, LDL, triglycerides)

Liver function, aminotransferase levels

Renal func

Myopathy, creatine kinase conc

COUNSELLING: L18, L21

Take at the same time each day (long acting, doesn’t matter what time)

Keep an eye on lipid levels. Combine with healthy lifestyle to reduce risk of heart disease.

L18 - Avoid grapefruit

If you experience unexplained muscle pain/weakness dark urine - see dr

Can -> mild GI upset, headache, sleep disturbance

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16
Q

Azathioprine

A

CLASS:

Immunosuppressant

INDICATIONS:

Prev organ trans rejection

Immune/inlfam diseases (rheum arth, IBS, lupus)

DOSE:

Org trans - 2-5mg/kg day 1, the 1-3mg/kg daily in 1-2 doses

Inflam dis - 1-3mg/kg daily in 1-2 doses

(Comes as 25mg, 50mg)

MONITORING:

FBC (leucopenia, anaemia)

liver/renal func

Signs of infection

COUNSELLING: L8, L21

Swallow whole. Take with food (to reduce stomach upset)

  • L21 -* handle with care if administering (cytotoxic)
  • L8 -* photosensitivity

Tell dr if signs of bleeding or infection

Can -> NVD, alopecia

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17
Q

Azithromycin

A

CLASS:

Macrolide antibiotic

INDICATIONS:

Chlamydial infection

Streptococcol pharyngitis/tonsilitis

CAP

Prev/tx of MAC (mycobacterium avium complex) inf

typhoid

Traveller’s diarrhoea

DOSE:

1g stat (chlam)
or
250mg-500mg daily

(Comes as 500mg)

MONITORING:

For allergic reaction

Clearing of infection, sensitivity, resistance

Hepatic func

ECG (torsades de pointes, QT prolong)

COUNSELLING:

Take with or without food.

Complete course

Can -> NVD

Inform dr if baby gets irritable or vomiting if feeding while taking azith (infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

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18
Q

Betamethasone cream

A

CLASS:

Corticosteroid
Moderate (valerate) and Potent (dipropionate)

INDICATIONS:

Inflammatory skin conditions (eg eczema and psoriasis)

DOSE:

Diproprionate 0.05%
(Diprosone, Eleuphrat)

Valerate 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.1%
(Antroquoril, Betnovate)

Apply daily-BD (note: 0.02% up to QID)

MONITORING:

Clinical effect, skin atrophy

For infection

Duration of tx

Compliance to non-pharma advice

COUNSELLING:

Apply after bathing. Allow sufficient time to absorb before applying moisturiser (doesn’t matter which to apply first)

Not for long term use - only for flares

May make skin sensitive when first using

Do not apply to broken or infected skin

Ensure following non-pharma advice (ie: no soap, irritants/triggers, plenty of moisturiser)

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19
Q

Bisoprolol

A

CLASS:

Beta blocker (cardioselective beta-1)

INDICATIONS:

HTN

Angina

Tachyarrhythmias

MI

Heart failure

Migraine proph

DOSE:

  1. 25-10mg once daily
    * (Comes in 1.25mg, 5mg, 10mg)*

MONITORING:

BP, heart rate, ECG

Can worsen heart failure at start - ensure stable on other therapies (ie acei) before starting bisop for heart failure

Renal func

COPD, asthma (exacerbate)
Diabetes (mask hypogly)
Raynaud’s phenomenon (exacerb)
(But less likely in bisoprolol)

COUNSELLING: L9, L12*

L12 - May cause drowsy/dizzy when first starting - caution driving and standing. May feel lethargic for first few days

Take everyday - not a med you can feel working
L9 - Do not stop suddenly

Can -> cold extremities

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20
Q

Budesonide plus Eformoterol

A

CLASS:

(Symbicort)

Inhaled corticosteroid plus LABA

INDICATIONS:

Asthma preventer and reliever

COPD

DOSE:

100mcg/6mcg - 400mcg/12mcg BD
(400/12 inhaler only suitable for COPD)

MONITORING:

Lung function - FEV1, peak flow

Inhaler technique

Compliance

Exacerbations/need for relievers

Asthma/COPD management plan

COUNSELLING: L14

This medication must be used everyday to work properly

Ensure correct inhaler technique (turbuhaler or rapihaler)

L14 - Rinse mouth out with water after each use

Can be used as a reliever

Can -> sore throat/voice horsness, oral thrush, tremours, palps, headache

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21
Q

Buprenorphine

A

CLASS:

Partial opioid agonist

INDICATIONS:

Chronic Pain (patches)

Acute pain (sublingual)

Opioid dependence (sublingual film)

DOSE:

Acute pain SL - 200-400mcg q6-8h prn

Chronic pain patch - 5mcg-40mcg/hour weekly

Opioid depend - 2-32mg daily

Comes in SL 200mcg, patch 5mcg/h, 10mcg/h, 20mcg/h, 30mcg/h, 40mcg/h
Subutex 0.4mg, 2mg, 8mg
Suboxone (w/ naloxine) 2/0.5mg, 8/2mg

MONITORING:

Effect on pain relief

Sedation, respiratory depression, falls risk

Renal, hepatic function

Skin reaction

Constipation

Dependence, diversion, tolerance

COUNSELLING:

Patch is applied once weekly - same day each week.
Can write date on patch or calender

Apply to unbroken, clean, dry, hairless skin on upper torso (if necessary, do not SHAVE hair, trim only).

Remove old patch before applyingnew one. Rotate patch site to minimise skin irration

Avoid patch direct exposure to heaters, electric blankets, etc as can increase dose released.

Know how to dispose safely.

L1 - sedation. can be increased by alcohol

Can cause constipation so stay hydrated and ensure fibre intake.

Can -> skin irritation (patch), NV,

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22
Q

Bupropion

A

CLASS:

Selective dopamine and noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor

INDICATIONS:

Nicotine dependence

DOSE:

150mg daily (starting) - BD

(Comes in 150mg SR - Zyban SR)

MONITORING:

Neuropsychiatric symptoms, changes in mood/behaviour, thoughts of suicide

Response to therapy/progress

Renal and hepatic function

BP (if comb with NRT)

Contraind if hx of siexures

COUNSELLING: L5, L12*, L16*, LA

Plan a quite date and start buprop 7 days before that (takes time for it to be effective)

  • LA -* Swallow whole
  • L12/16 -* Can make you drowsy and dizzy be carefull getting up and see how you feel before driving while your body gets used to medication

Can -> insomnia, nightmares, diff concentrating, tremor, headache, dry mouth, constipation
(note some of these can be related to stopping smoking

If you notice rash, swelling, diff breath - stop and see dr imm

Limit alcohol intake - can increase risk of unpleasant effect

Can use NRT alongside - improves quit rate

*Can -> false positives in urine tests (ie amphetamine)

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23
Q

Cabergoline

A

CLASS:

Ergot-derived dopamine agonist

INDICATIONS:

Parkinson’s disease

Hyperprolacinemia, prevent onset of lactation

DOSE:

0.5mg-3mg once daily
or
1mg stat (prev of lact)

MONITORING:

Fibrotic disorders (bc ergot deriv)

hepatic function

Cardio evaluations

Behavioural changes - impulse disorder

Movement improvement

COUNSELLING: L12*, L16

Take with food, starting at night

L12/16 - Can cause dizzy/drowsy, careful standing and see how you fee before driving

Can -> leg cramps, NV, constipation, headache, periph oedema, sudden sleep onset

Inform dr if behavioural changes, can also effect impulse control

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24
Q

Calcipotriol

A

CLASS:

Topical vitamin D analogue

INDICATIONS:

Plaque psoriasis

DOSE:

Apply BD (can use less after init period) until improved

Comes in 0.005% cream (Daivonex), plus combo w/betameth0.05%(Daivobet)

MONITORING:

Hypercalcaemia (rare at rec doses) avoid use psoriasis extensive (too much exposure)

Skin improvement, skin irritation

COUNSELLING:

Apply to affected area(s) - not for face or extensive psoriasis (no more than 100g/week)

Wash hands after application to avoid transfer to other areas.
Do not use occlusive dressings.

Do not mix with other products (can destroy calcipotriol)

May need to use for 4-6 weeks for max improvement. Stop once improved recommence when next flare

L8 - photosensitivity

Can -> mild irritated skin after application

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25
Q

Calcitriol

A

CLASS:

1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, acvitve form of vitamin D

INDICATIONS:

Regulates calcium homeostatis and bone metabolism

Tx of osteoporosis

Prev corticosteroid-induced osteopor

Tx of hypocalcaemia in hypoparathyroidism, rickets, chronic renal dialysis

DOSE:

0.25microg daily

(up to 1mcg in hypoparathy, rickets)

Comes in 0.25mcg (Sical)

MONITORING:

Plasma calcium levels, Urinary calcium and phosphate
Cease if hypercal

Renal function

COUNSELLING: L5

Do not take calcium supps or other Vitamin D supps

Follow dr rec re: dairy intake

Tell dr if NV, constipation, headache, frequent urination, tiredness, thirst

26
Q

Candesartan

A

CLASS:

Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist (Sartan)

INDICATIONS:

HTN

Chronic Heart failure - part of therapy instead of ACEI

DOSE:

8mg-32mg once daily

(Comes in 4, 8, 16, 32mg, combos)

MONITORING:

BP

Electrolyte balance (esp potassium - caution supps and pot sparing diuretics)

Renal func (caution triple whammy)

Dehydration

COUNSELLING: L11,L12*, L16*, L21

Take everyday, wont nec feel it working

Monitor BP regularly. Can take 4-6 weeks to improve BP

L11 - do not take potassium supplements

Avoid NSAIDs

L12/16 - Can cause drowsy/dizzy when starting - caution driving/standing

If swelling, diff breathing - stop, see dr (angioedema)

27
Q

Carbemazepine

A

CLASS:

Antiepileptic
Mood stabiliser

INDICATIONS:

Epilipsy - partial and generalised seizures

Trigeminal neuralgias (neuropathic pain)

Bipolar disorder

DOSE:

Epil - 200mg-1200mg daily (in div doses) (MAX 2g)

Trig neur - 100-800mg daily in div doses (MAX1.2g)

Bipolar - 400mg-1.6g(MAX) daily in div doses

(note: CR given BD)
* Comes in 100mg, 200mg, 200mg CR, 400mg CR. (Tegretol), 20mg/mL*

MONITORING:

Clinical effect (seizures, pain, mood)

Compliance

Changes in behaviour, mood, thoughts of suicide

Plasma conc (opt dosing or susp toxicity)

FBC (blood dyscrasias/bone marrow supp)

Rash, hypersensitivity

Sedation, eyes

BMD. VitD/Calc supps

hepatic func

COUNSELLING: L5, 9, 12*, 18, 21, B

Swallow whole (if CR)

  • LB -* Take with food to reduce stom upset
  • L9 -* Take every day- do not stop suddenly

L12 - Can make drowsy/blurred vision - see how you feel before driving

Limit alcohol can increase effects of ETOH

L18 - avoid grapefruit

Can -> visual disturbance, dry mouth, constipation, NV, rash

Tell dr if rash, sore throat, ulcers, bleeding, fever

Can reduce efficacy of COC, vag ring, progest OC, etonogestrel implant (rod) -seek other forms

28
Q

Carbimazole

A

CLASS:

Antithyroid drug

INDICATIONS:

Grave’s disease

Thyroid storm

ST before thyroid surg or before/after radioactive iodine tx

DOSE:

Hyperthyr - 10-60mg daily (init), 2.5-40mg daily(maint) - div doses

Thyr storm - 60-80mg daily in div doses -grad reduced

Comes in 5mg (Neo-mercazole)

MONITORING:

FBC (agranulocytosis)

Hepatic function

Thyroid function (TSH)

COUNSELLING:

Can -> itch, mild rash in first 8 weeks (antihist may help), NV, arthralgia, headache

Tell dr if fever, sore throat, ulcer, rash, abdo pain, jaundice

29
Q

Carvedilol

A

CLASS:

Non-selective beta-blocker (alpha1, beta1, beta2 receptors)

INDICATIONS:

HTN

Chronic heart failure

DOSE:

HTN - 12.5-50mg daily

HF - 3.125-25 BD (can 50mgBD if >85kg)

Comes in 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50mg

MONITORING:

BP, heart rate, ECG

Can worsen heart failure at start - ensure stable on other therapies (ie acei) before starting carved for heart failure

Regular Opthalmic review

hepatic func

COPD, asthma (exacerbate)
Diabetes (mask hypogly)
Raynaud’s phenomenon (exacerb)
(esp since non selective)

COUNSELLING: L9, 12*, 16

L12 - May cause drowsy/dizzy when first starting - caution driving and standing. May feel lethargic for first few days

Take everyday - not a med you can feel working
L9 - Do not stop suddenly

Can -> cold extremities, visual disturbance

If you develop yellowing, dark urine, flu-like symptoms see dr

Antihyperglycaemics may need adjustment

30
Q

Ceftriaxone

A

CLASS:

Cephalosporin antibacterial

INDICATIONS:

Empirical pneumonia, bact meningitis

Gonoccocol inf, PID, Epididymo-orchitis (sexually acquired)

Septicaemia

Salmonella, typhoid

DOSE:

1-2g daily (MAX 4g daily)

Comes in 500mg inj, 1g inj, 2g inj

MONITORING:

Hypersensitivity, allergy

Renal func

Clin effect, sensitivity, resistance

FBC if tx>10days

COUNSELLING:

Incompatible with Ca - do not give with ca-cont solutn

Can -> NVD, pain at inj site, headache, dizzy

31
Q

Celecoxib

A

CLASS:

COX-2 selective NSAID

INDICATIONS:

RA

OA

Pain due to dysmenorrhoea or injury

DOSE:

100-200mg BD (higher dose ST only)

Comes in 100mg, 200mg

MONITORING:

Analgesic effect - if not working, try another

Signs of bleeding

Dehydration

Renal/hepatic function

BP, CVD risk

Full blood count if chronic use

COUNSELLING: L10a, 12*

With or without food

  • L12 -* Can cause drowsy when first start
  • L10a -* No more than one aspirin, don’t double up on NSAIDs

Be aware of signs of bleeding, dyspepsia

Do not take if dehydrated, ensure adequate fluid intake

32
Q

Cephalexin

A

CLASS:

Cephalosporin antibiotic

INDICATIONS:

Staphylcoccal, streptococcal inf in mild pen allergy

UTI, epididymo-orchitis (non-sex)

DOSE:

250-500mg QID
or
500-1000mg BD
MAX 4g daily

Paed - 6.25-12.5mg/kg (MAX500mg) QID

Comes in 250mg, 500mg, 25mg/mL, 50mg/mL

MONITORING:

Renal func

Allergy

Clin eff, sensitivity, resistance, superinfection

FBC and neurotox in longterm tx/high doses

COUNSELLING:

With or without food - can take with food if GI upset

Until all finished

Susp: Fridge, shake, d28

Can -> NVD

Look out for signs of allergy

33
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

CLASS:

Broad spectrum antibiotic

INDICATIONS:

Bacterial conjunctivitis

Infec proph post surgery/trauma

DOSE:

drops: 1 drops q2h for 2 days, then QID for 5 days
oint: TDS
* Comes in 0.5% drops, 1% oint*

MONITORING:

Clearing of infection

Worsening of symptoms

Visual changes

COUNSELLING:

Wash hands before and after

Complete course

Ensure knows how to admin eye drops

Do not wear contacts during tx

D28, don’t share eyedrops

Nonpharma - don’t scratch/touch, cut nails, contagious - stay away from school until discharge gone

34
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A

CLASS:

Quinolones

INDICATIONS:

Salmonella

Shingellosis

Comp UTIs, epididymo-orchitis, prostatitis

Bone, joint inf

febrile neutropenia

CF infections

DOSE:

250-750mg BD

Comes in 250,500,750mg (C-flox, Ciprol)

MONITORING:

Renal func

Clinical effect, sens, resist

Tendon damage

ECG - QT prolong

COUNSELLING: L3b, 4a, 5, 8, 12

Empty stomach (abs better), drink plenty of fluids

Complete course

  • L4 -* Avoid dairy, antacid, iron,zinc, calc supps within 2 hrs of dose
  • L8 -* Photosensitivity
  • L12 -* drowsy, caution driving

Can increase effects of caffiene

If any unexplained tendon pain, stop and see dr

35
Q

Citalopram

A

CLASS:

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

INDICATIONS:

Major depressive disorder

DOSE:

20-40mg once daily (10mg init in elderly)

Comes in 10, 20, 40mg (Celepram, Citalo)

MONITORING:

Clinical effect.
Worsening of symptoms

Movement disorders

Electrolyte balance (esp Na)

Serotonin tox

COUNSELLING: L5, 9, 12

Can take a couple weeks before notice changes and up to 8 weeks for max effect.
Can make symptoms worse before better, monitor mood and see dr if symptoms severe.

Best taken in morning - can cause sleep disturbance.
Take everyday even if feeling better.
L9 - don’t stop suddenly, gradual tapering required

  • L12 -* Can make drowsy init - caution driving
  • L5 -* Many med/herbal interactions - tell dr/pharm you are taking this.

Know signs of serotonin tox

Can -> NV, headache, insomnia, aggitation, dry mouth sexual dysfunction, weight change

36
Q

Clarithromycin

A

CLASS:

Macrolide antibiotic

INDICATIONS:

Prev/tx mycobacterium avium complex

H. pylori

LRTI

DOSE:

250-500mg BD
MAX 1g BD

Comes in 250mg, 500mg (Klacid), 50mg/mL

MONITORING:

Clinical effect

Allergy

ECG - QT prolongation, torsades de points

Renal

Ototoxicity

COUNSELLING:

With or without food.

Complete course

L5 - many interactions

Can -> NV, taste disturbance, superinfection

37
Q

Clomiphene

A

CLASS:

Synthetic ovulatory stimulant

INDICATION:

Anovulatory infertility

DOSE:

25-150mg once daily for 5 days

Comes in 50mg

MONITORING:

Visual disturbance

Liver function

BMI

Pregnancy (stop if not pregs after 6 cycles)

Ovarian hyperstimulation

COUNSELLING: L12

L12 - Can drowsy - caution driving

Tell dr if causes visual disturbances

Can -> hot flushes, NV, revers ovarian enlarg, abnorm uterine bleeding

38
Q

Clopidogrel

A

CLASS:

p2Y12 antagonist, Antiplatelet

INDICATION:

Hx of symptomatic atherosclerosis

ACS (with aspirin)

DOSE:

75mg daily

(can loading dose 300mg)

Comes in 75mg, 300mg, combo w aspitin

MONITORING:

Signs of bleeding

Hepatic function

COUNSELLING: L9, 10a, 18

With or without food.

  • L9 -* Take everyday do not stop suddenly
  • L10a* - no more than one aspirin, NSAIDS increase bleeding risk
  • L18 -* avoid grapefruit (decreases efficacy)

Know signs of bleeding

Can -> rash, diarrhoea, GI ulcer

39
Q

Codeine

A

CLASS:

Opioid analgesic

INDICATION:

Pain

Cough suppression

Diarrhoea

DOSE:

30-60mg q4-6h. MAX 240mg/24hrs

Comes in 30mg, 5mg/mL, combo with aspirin or para or ibu

MONITORING:

Clinical effect

Sedation, resp dep (caution COPD), falls risk

Constipation

Renal/hepatic imp

Tolerance, dependence, abuse

Withdrawal symp if long term

Some ppl poor and ultrametabolisers

COUNSELLING: L1 (if>20mg dose)

L1 - sedation

Constipation (plenty fluid/fibre, lax?)

Can -> NV, dry mouth when first using

Only for short term use - can cause dependence

Not for <12yo

40
Q

Colchicine

A

CLASS:

Gout medication (reduces inflam reaction to urate crystals)

INDICATION:

Pain relief during gout attack

Proph of gout attack
(also to prev flares during first 6 months of ULT)

Familial Mediterranean fever

DOSE:

Flare - 1mg stat, then 500mcg 3hrs later

Proph - 500mcg daily - BD

Comes in 500mcg (Colgout, Lengout)

MONITORING:

Renal/hepatic func (dose reduction)

GI effects

Full blood count (agranulocytosis, leucopenia)

Creatin kinase (rhabdomyalgia)

(better choice in HF cf nsaids)

COUNSELLING: L5, 18,

If attack - start at earliest sign of attack, can take para while waiting to work. use icepack

  • L5 -* many interactions
  • L18 -* avoid grapefruit

Stop taking if severe vom, diar, muscle pain/tender, numbness/tingling, unusual bleeding, infection -see dr

41
Q

Cyproterone plus ethinylestradiol

A

CLASS:

COC

INDICATION:

Androgenisation and contraception in these women

DOSE:

1 tablet daily
(2mg cyproterone/35mcg ethinylestradiol)

Comes as Diane, Estelle, Brenda, Juliet

MONITORING:

BP

Risk factors for VTE or stroke (ie over 35, smoking, obese)

Cervical cancer screening

Compliance

COUNSELLING:

Make sure you know which are the active and which are the inactive (different brands recommend starting on inactive pills, some brands on active

Take 1 tab at same time every day (24 hour window)

If no preceeding horm cont:
start with active pill w/i first 5 days of period starting for immediate contraception (otherwise use extra prec for first 7 days of active

If changing from another COC
start taking active pills day after stopping old pill (on any day of cycle) – adit acontracep not required

If changing from POP:
start active pills without any interval – use adit cont for first seven days of active

While taking inactive pill, you will get a withdrawal bleed (but not everyone gets this)

Can -> Spotting, irregular bleeding (to be expected for first 3 months), mood changes, breast tenderness

If notice leg pain, swelling, diff breathing - see dr

Some medicines, vomiting, diarrhoea reduce effectiveness

If vom/diar in 2 hrs of taking pill, take another asap

If <24 hours late taking active – take asap, contraception NOT affected

If >24hr late taking pill:
take as soon as remembered (even if 2 pills taken at once)
Continue pill and use addit contracep until you have taken 7 days of active in a row
If missed pill was in last 7d, skip placebo pills
If pill was missed in first 7 days of active (ie: have not had seven consecutive actives – Use addit cont for next 7 days of taking active
- If sex was had, take morning after pill

42
Q

Dabigatran

A

CLASS:

Direct thrombin inhibitor anticoagulant

INDICATION:

Prev VTE post knee/hip replacement

Tx acute VTE + prev of subsequent VTE

AF - prev stroke/emboli

DOSE:

Post knee/hip - 110mg stat, then 220mg once daily (10 daysfor knee, 28-35 for hip)

AF/acuteVTE/subs prev- 150mg bd
(110mg BD for >75yo/bleed risk/renal imp)

Comes in 75mg, 110mg, 150mg (Pradaxa)

MONITORING:

Renal/hepatic function

Clotting/bleeding risk

Signs of bleeding

COUNSELLING:

Swallow whole (opening cap can increase bleeding risk)

Take at same time everyday - mark calendar/record

L10b - do not take aspirin or other NSAIDS while on this
Tell dr pharmacist before starting any new meds/herbals

Let any health prof (inc dentist, pods) you are taking this

Know signs of bleeding

Med alert bracelet/wallet card?

Signs of clot - leg pain, swelling, diff breathing -> ED

43
Q

Desvenlafaxine

A

CLASS:

Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI)

INDICATION:

Major depressive disorder

DOSE:

50mg CR - 200mg CR(max) once daily

Comes in 50mg CR, 100mg CR (Pristiq, desfax)

MONITORING:

Clinical effect

Changes in mood

Renal func

BP

Serotonin tox

Electrolytes (esp Na)

COUNSELLING: L5, 9, 12

Swallow whole. In the morning (insomnia)

L9 - Take every day. do not stop suddenly

Can take take 2 weeks before effect, 8 weeks for full effect

L12 - can make you drowsy init - caution driving

Can -> naus, constipation, dry mouth, insomnia, headache, sex dys, decreased appetite

44
Q

Dexamphetamine

A

CLASS:

CNS psychostimulant

INDICATION:

ADHD

narcalepsy

DOSE:

ADHD - 2.5mg - 40mg (in div doses if >5mg)

Narc - 10mg-60mg daily in div doses

MONITORING:

Abuse/diversion

BP, cardio status

psychiatric status

height/weight (poss slow growth in kids)

Tics

COUNSELLING: L5, 12

L12 - Can cause drowsy /dizzy

Can -> NVD, dry mouth, loss of appetite, anxiety, aggitation, headache, palpitations, insomnia

If insomnia an issue, avoid taking after early afternoon

Do not continue if no effect after optimising treatment

45
Q

Diazepam

A

CLASS:

Benzodiazepine

INDICATION:

ST for anxiety

Muscle spasm

Acute etoh withdrawal

status epilepticus

DOSE:

1-10mg TDS

Comes in 2mg, 5mg (Antenex, Valpam, Valium)

MONITORING:

Tolerance, dependence, diversion

Sedation, falls risk

Hepatic/renal func

Blood counts

Withdrawal

COUNSELLING: L1/1a, 9

L1/1a - sedation, sedation into next day

Can increase effects of ETOH

Not for long term

If long term, don’t stop suddenly, taper off slowly toreduce withdraw symp

Can -> light headed, dry mouth, headache, visual disturbance, dependence

46
Q

Diclofenac

A

CLASS:

NSAID (non selec COX 1 and 2)

INDICATION:

Inflam pain - RA, OA, menstrual pain, injury

DOSE:

tab: 25-50mg TDS - MAX200mg daily
gel: 1% tds-qid, 2%bd

Comes in 12.5, 25, 50mg (tabs), 12.5, 25, 50, 100mg (supps), 1%, 2% (gel), fixeddose w/ misoprostol

MONITORING:

Pain relief

Signs of bleeding

BP, cardiovascular monitoring

renal/liver function (aminotransferase)

GI distubane (dyspep, bleeds)

Blood count

COPD/asthma/hypersensitivity

COUNSELLING: L10a, 12*, B

Swallow whole with food

L12 - can make drowsy

Ensure adequate fluids - do not take if dehydrated

L10a - no aspirin or other NSAIDs

Know bleeding signs

Leg pain, swelling, chest pain, SOB -> ED

Can -> nausea, dyspep, salt/fluid reten

47
Q

Digoxin

A

CLASS:

Antiarrhythmic

INDICATION:

AF and atrial flutter

Heart failure

DOSE:

62.5 - 250mcg once daily
Can loading dose - 125-500mcg q4-6h

Comes in 62.5mcg, 250mcg

MONITORING:

ECG, HR

Renal function

Digoxin level

Dig tox (fatigue, malaise, NVD, dizzy, delirium)

Electrolyte abnorm and thyroid func (can affect conc)

COUNSELLING: L5

L5 - Many interactions

Can -> NVD, visual dist, drowsy/dizzy, rash

48
Q

Diltiazem

A

CLASS:

Non-dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker

INDICATION:

Angina

HNT (CR only)

AF/flutter

DOSE:

Angina/AF

  • 30mgIR tds-qid (max 360daily)
  • 180mg CR-360mg CR daily

HTN
- 180-360mg CR daily

Comes in 60mg ir, 180mg CR, 240mg CR, 360mg CR

MONITORING:

Hepatic function

BP

Symptom control

COUNSELLING: L5, 9, 12*

Swallow whole every day

L9 - do not stop suddenly

L12- drowsy when first starting

Can -> headache, flushing, dizziness, periph oedema (inform dr)

L5 - many interactions

Keep eye on BP, will take a couple weeks to reduce HTN

49
Q

Domperidone

A

CLASS:

Dopamine antgonist antiemetic

INDICATION:

NV

Gastroparesis (idiopathic or diabetic)

Lactation stimulation

DOSE:

10-20mg tds-qid (MAX 80/day)

Comes in 10mg (motilium)

MONITORING:

ECG (QT)

hepatic/renal function

COUNSELLING: L18

NV - use for up to 1 week

Gastpar - for up to 4 weeks

Can -> dry mouth, headache, drowsiness

Is prokinetic - can increase rate of abs of other meds

50
Q

Donepezil

A

CLASS:

Anticholinesterase inhibitor

INDICATION:

Alzheimer’s

DOSE:

5mg-10mg once daily

Comes in 5mg, 10mg (Aricept, Arazil)

MONITORING:

Clinical effect

Disease progression

Tolerability

COUNSELLING: L12, 16

L12/16 - drowsy/dizzy

Can -> NVD, dyspepsia, headache, insomnia, vivid dreams
(10mg more ass with s/e’s)
Give in evening unless vivid dreasm/insomnia occur

51
Q

Dothiepin

A

CLASS:

Tricyclic antidepressant

INDICATION:

Major depression

DOSE:

25-150mg daily. MAX 300mg

comes in 25mg, 75mg (Dothep)

MONITORING:

Psychiatric stability
(Can manic in bipo, fatal in OD)

Serotonin toxicity

Cardiovascular problems
(QT prolong, can exac angina, can cause heart block, BP)

Weight

Ocular pressure
can -> angle closure glaucoma

Seizure threshold

hyperthyroidism (enhanced response)

COUNSELLING:

Can get blurred vision, dry mouth, drowsy - should go away

Can dizzy on standing

Caution driving

Increase effects of alcohol

Do not stop suddenly

Can interact with may meds/herbals

Can take a few weeks before it starts working. Be aware of how you’re feeling and see doctor/someone if feelings become overwhelming

52
Q

Doxycyline

A

CLASS

Tetracycline antibiotic

INDICATIONS

Acne, Rosacea

CAP, bronchitis, sinusitis

Chlamydial inf, PID, epididymo-orchitis (sex aq)

Proph malaria

Q fever

DOSE

100mg 1-2x daily
or
50-100mg once daily (acne)

Comes in 50mg, 100mg

MONITORING

Allergy

Clin eff

renal/hepatic func

superinfection

Contraind in <8 (bone defor, teeth discolor, enamal displasia)

Caution with tx with oral retinoids (inc risk of benign intracranial hypertension)

COUNSELLING

Swallow whole take with food/glass of milk (reduce stom upset) and large glass of water

Remain upright for at least 30 min (take in morning)

No zinc, iron, calc, antacid in 2 hrs of dose

Photosensitivity

Can -> GI upset

53
Q

Duloxetine

A

CLASS

Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor

INDICATIONS

Major depression

Gen anxiety disorder

Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Neuropathic pain (not first line though, less eff than TCAs)

DOSE

30-60mg once daily

MAX 120mg daily (this dose used in gen anxiety dis)

Comes in 30mg, 60mg

MONITORING

Psych stability
(inc suicidal thoughts, clinical eff, can induce manic ep if used in bipolar)

Sero tox

BP

Electrolytes (hyponat)

Bleeding risk

Ocular pressure (angle-closure glaucoma)

Seizure risk

Renal/hepatic impair

COUNSELLING

Swallow caps whole

Take with food

Best in morning (insomnia)

Do not stop suddenly

Can make drowsy/dizzy caution driving

Many interactions

Can -> GI upset, dry mouth, sweating, urinary reten, headache, insomnia, sex dysf

54
Q

Dutasteride

A

CLASS

5-alpha-reductase inhibitors

INDICATIONS

benign prostatic hyperplasia when prostate >30-40cm

DOSAGE

500microg once daily

Comes in 500mcg (Avodart)
and combo with tamsulosin cr (Duodart)

MONITORING

Side effects

Clinical effect

Prostate specific antigen (PSA)
(increase means inves for prostate cancer

Breast tissue changes
(poss link with breast ca)

Caution handling by women/pregwomen

COUNSELLING

Swallow whole (contents are throat irritating)

Can -> sexual dysfunction, poor semen qual/infertility

Note: dutas has a long half life (3-5 weeks)

If using as single agent, can take 6 months before improvement and 12-18 months for full effect

If taking combo with tamsulosin:
Take with food (to reduce s/es
CAn cause ortho hypo

55
Q

Tamsulosin

A

CLASS

Selective alpha-blocker

INDICATIONS

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

DOSAGE

400microg once daily

Comes in 400mcg (Flomaxtra) and combo with dutasteride

MONITORING

BP (high risk hypoten)

Tx with other antihyp and volume depletions
(both inc risk of hypoten)

Need for cataract surg
(inc risk of intraop floppy iris syndrome)

Renal/hepatic func

Improv of BPH symp

oedema

COUNSELLING

Swallow whole

Can cause drowsy/dizzy caution standing, driving, machinery

Tell opthalm you are taking/have taken this med if you are going to have cataract surg

Can -> headache, nasal congest, blurred vision, dry mouth, urin incon, NV, mood changes

Will start working in 48 hours, full effect in 4-6 weeks

56
Q

Enoxaparin

A

CLASS

Low molecular weight heparin

INDICATIONS

Prev VTE in surg patients/bedridden pts

Tx of venous thrombosis

Prev extracorporeal thrombosis during haemodialysis

Tx of acute STEMI, non-STEMI, unstable angina

DOSAGE

Prev VTE:
20mg - 40mg once daily (dep on risk, renal func)

Tx VTE:
1mg/kg BD - 1.5mg/kg once daily (dep on risk)
(1mg/kg once daily if poor renal func)

MONITORING

Bleeding and clotting risk

Renal/hepatic function

Need for surgery or spinal injection

Ability to administer

COUNSELLING

Injected subcut

Ensure they know how to use/dispose

Rotate site, can cause irritation/bruising at injection site

More risk of bleeding, bruising
Know signs of bleeding / clotting - tell dr

Tell dr/health prof you are on this

57
Q

Erythromycin

A

CLASS

Macrolide

INDICATIONS

RTI

Rheumatic fever

Legionnaires disease

Campylobacter enteritis

Chlamydial infections

Acne

Rosacea

DOSAGE

(Note: 400mg ethyl succinate = 250mg base)

Base:
250-500mg BD-QID (Max 4g daily)

Ethyl succ:
400mg q6h (Max 4g daily)

Comes in 250mg base (Eryc), 400mg ethyl succinate (E-Mycin), 40mg/ml (eth succ), 80mg/ml (eth succ)

MONITORING

Clin eff

ECG (QT pro, tor d po) - esp with eryth and clarith

Drug interactions (esp eryth, clarith)

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Ototox

Superinf

FBC (blood dyscrasias)

Allergy

Hep function

renal func

COUNSELLING

Base: best abs on empty stomach (can take with food if stom upset)

Take until all taken

Can -> GI upset

Tell dr if allergy, hearing issues (esp if high dose), severe vom/diar, infant irritable/vom

Many interactions

58
Q

Escitalopram

A

CLASS

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

INDICATIONS

Marjor depression

gen anxiety dis

social phobia

OCD

DOSAGE

10-20mg once daily

comes in 10mg, 20mg (Esipram, Lexapro)

MONITORING

Clin effect

Psych stability
(increased suic ideation, can induce manic ep in bipolar)

Serotonin tox

hepatic func

Electrolytes (hyponoat)

risk of bleeding

ocular pressure (angle-closure glaucoma)

Compliance

QT prolong

Getting counselling/non-pharma support

EPSE

COUNSELLING

Best taken once daily in the morning

Take regularly - do not stop suddenly

Can take a few weeks to start working - full effect in around 8 weeks. Stay aware of how you feel and talk to dr/someone if start feeling really down or things become overwhelming

drowsy/dizzy - caution driving

Many interactions - tell dr/healthprof youre on it

Can -> gi upset, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, weight changes, sexual dysfunction

59
Q

Esomeprazole

A

CLASS

Proton pump inhibitor

INDICATIONS

GORD

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

H pylori eradication

Tx / prev NSAID ulcer/dyspepsis

Prev pep ulcer rebleeding

DOSAGE

20-40mg once daily

Zollinger-Ellison synd:
40mg BD

H. Pylori:
20mg BD

MONITORING

Clin effect

Review maint therapy (cease/reduce dose?)

Gastric bleeds

? inc risk of enteric inf/pneumonia

Fracture risk (long term use)
consider cal or vit d suppl

B12 levels (long term use)

Rule out gastric carcinoma

Hepatic func

COUNSELLING

Swallow whole

Gen well tolerated but can -> GI disturbance, drowsy, insom, dry mouth

Tell dr if signs of gastric bleed (dark stool, coffee ground vom)

60
Q

Etanercept

A

CLASS

TNF-alpha antagonists

INDICATIONS

Rheumatoid arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Plaque psoriasis

DOSAGE

SC 50mg once weekly
or
SC 25mg twice weekly

MONITORING

FBC (blood dyscrasia)

Infection

Malignancies

Liver/renal func

heart failure, resp disease
(can worsen)

Vaccinations
(some can’t be given, consider immunising beforehand)

COUNSELLING

Contact dr immediately if signs of infection, bleeding, fever

Some vaccines can’t be given

Can -> injection site reaction, allergic reaction, abdo pain, dyspep

In RA- benefit after 1-12 weeks of tx

61
Q

Exenatide

A

CLASS

Glucagon-like peptide 1 analogue (GLP-1)

INDICATIONS

T2DM

DOSAGE

SC-5-10mcg BD
or
SC 2mg once weekly

Comes in 5mcg, 10mcg (Byetta), 2mg (Bydureon)

MONITORING

BSL, HbA1c, disease progression

hypoglycaemia

tolerability (GI disturb)

pancreatitis

renal func

COUNSELLING

Ensure know how to admin/dispose

Rotate inj site

Know signs of hypogly

Reg check bsl, Hba1c

Can -> gi upset (should improve), dyspepsia, GORD, abdo pain, inj site reaction, taste disturbance

Tell dr if you dev unexplained severe abdo pain

62
Q

Ezetimibe

A

CLASS

Cholesterol absorption inhibitor

INDICATION

Hypercholesterolaemia

DOSE

10mg once daily

Comes in 10mg (Ezetrol), combo with atorv or simva (Atozet or Vytorin)

MONITORING

Lipid profile (HDL, LDL, triglycerides)

Myopathy, creatine kinase

Pancreatitis

Cholelithiasis (gall stones)

Mood in elderly

Hepatic function

COUNSELLING

Take every day wont feel it working

Check lipids reg

Non-pharma advice

Tell dr if develop unexplained muscle pain, weakness

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