PBN, RVSM, ACAS

Question 1

PBN

What is navigation specification?

Answer 1

A set of aircraft and aircrew requirements needed to support navigation within a defined airspace. It defines the performance required.

Question 2

When performing PBN operations NOTAM should be checked for?

Answer 2

Availability of navaid facilities.

Predicted GNSS unavailability (SBAS/EGNOS)

If SBAS/EGNOS outage is confirmed via NOTAM, preflight RAIM predicion is required.

Question 3

What is the cross track error/ deviation limitation normally allowed?

Answer 3

+/- 1/2 RNAV/RNP

+/- 1 RNAV/RNP brief deviations are allowed

Question 4

What should crew notify ATC if there is a problem with PBN capability?

Answer 4

“Unable RNAV due equipment” together with proposed course of action.

Radar vectors, conventional approach or reverting to different minima, e.g. LPV to LNAV/VNAV.

Question 5

What type of PBN approaches excist?

Answer 5

RNP APCH and RNP AR APCH.

Question 6

What three types of minima can RNP APCH have?

Answer 6

LPV (DA 200’ +)

LNAV/VNAV (DA 250’+)

LNAV (MDA 250’ +)

Question 7

What is special with RNP AR APCH?

Answer 7

It can range from simple straight in approach to complex curved approaches with RF legs used in the final and missed approach. Allows for reduces lateral and vertical obstacle clearance and requires special approval.

RNP AR APCH has LNAV/VNAV minima.

Question 8

What are the lateral and vertical limitations for RNP approaches?

Answer 8

Lateral deviation should normally be limied to 1/2 x RNP value associated with the procedure up to 1 x RNP value briefly.

Vertical deviation should not exceed 75’ (LNAV/VNAV) or half scale deflection on LPV approach.

Question 9

Where is list of allowed RNP AR approaches published?

Answer 9

OM-C Ch 12.2

Question 10

Is RNP-AR approach allowed for alternate planning purposes?

Answer 10

No.

Question 11

PBN

Considerations before approach

Answer 11

Required equipment is operational (MEL, QRH etc)

Check waypoint sequence

Speed and altitude restrictions, path angles

GNSS is used, deselect NAVAIDS if required

Set altimeters (max 100’ difference)

OAT within procedure limits

LNAV - CDFA, add 50’

RNP AR - TAWS TERRAIN must be displayed

Throughout RF legs max speeds should not be exceeded.

Question 12

Route modification RNP

Can the lateral and vertical definition of the flightpath between FAF and MAP be changed by flight crew?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

When can direct to be accepted to IF?

Answer 13

Provided that it is clear to the FC that the aircraft will be esablished on final approach track at least 2 NM before FAF.

Question 14

Can direct to FAF be accepted?

Answer 14

No.

Question 15

Can direct to a point preceeding a RF leg be accepted?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

When should the crew execute a missed approach during RNP APCH (unless visual)?

Answer 16

Failure of navigation system, including those affecting lateral and vertical deviation performance (eg GNSS sensor, FD, AP)

Loss of signal (RAIM, SBAS alert or loss integrity funtion)

Flight instrument failure which affects the ability to safely complete the approach.

Navigation instruments show significant disagreement

The lateral/vertical devistions are exceeded (1 x RNP / +/- 75’ of he glide path or half scale when angular devistion is used)

Question 17

What is the purpose of RVSM?

Answer 17

To increase airspace capacity.

Question 18

Between which levels is RVSM applied?

Answer 18

Between FL290 and FL410.

Question 19

What does ACAS stand for?

Answer 19

Airborna collision avoidance system

Question 20

Within what time frame should crew respond to a first RA?

Answer 20

Within 5 seconds

Question 21

Within what time frame should crew respond to a second (modified) RA?

Answer 21

2,5 seconds

Question 22

When is TCAS inhibited?

Answer 22

When GPWS warning is activated

When aircraft performance is limited by configuration

Altitude to low for vertical maneuver

Question 23

What kind of report should be completed after a TCAS RA?

Answer 23

A flight safety report.