PBL6 - Schizophrenia

Question 1

Neuroleptic

Answer 1

Anti-psychotic drug

Question 2

Schizophrenia symptoms (+ve 4 , -ve 4, cognitive 2)

Answer 2

Positive symptoms - delusions, hallucinations, though disorder, Catatonia
Negative symptoms - apathy, affective blunting, lack of drive, fucked emotions
Cognitive - poor learning, short attention span

Question 3

Catatonia

Answer 3

Altered movement and muscle tone

Question 4

Schizophrenia types (5)

Answer 4

Paranoid - delusions and hallucinations
Disorganised (hebephrenic) - emotional blunting & meaningless behaviour
Catatonic - motor stereotypes, stupor
Undiffrentiated - mixture of symptoms
Residual - predominantly negative symptoms

Question 5

Schizophrenia prevalence =

Answer 5

6-8 per 1000 in pop

Question 6

Genetics
MZ concordance
DZ concordance

Answer 6

MS - 50%

DZ - 20-25%

Question 7

Schizophrenia environmental factors: (4)

Answer 7

Born in winter months,
Viral epidemics
Parenting techniques
Stress/ tiredness

Question 8

Dopamine theory of schizophrenia:
Imbalance between .... projections
Hyperactivity of the ... system (reduced reuptake)
Hypo activity of the ... projections 
Reduced activity in the ...

Answer 8

Imbalance between dopaminergic projections
Hyperactivity of the Mesolimibic dopaminergic system (reduced reuptake)
Hypo activity of the mesocortical dopaminergic projections
Reduced activity in the prefrontal cortex

Question 9

Dopamine antagonists - typical neuroleptics

• Phenothiazine class - …
• (2) (can be given as slow-release preperation)
• …
• SE: (3)
• SE chronic use - (1)

Answer 9

• Phenothiazine class - Chlorpromazine
• Haloperidol, flupenthixol (can be given as slow-release preperation)
• Trifluoperazine
• SE: weight gain, postural hypotension, dry mouth (extrapyrimidal)
• SE chronic use - tardive dyskinesia

Question 10

Atypical neuroleptic antipsychotics:

• Examples (3)
• Fewer … side effects
• Antagonise …., + act on …

Answer 10

• Clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone
• Fewer extrapyramial side effects
• Antagonise D2 receptors, + act on 5-HT2

Question 11

Treatment for treatment-resistant schizophrenia

Answer 11

Clozapine

Question 12

Treatment for schizophrenia with negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction

Answer 12

Risperidone

Question 13

Suicide rate in schizophrenia -

Answer 13

10-15%

Question 14

Schizophrenia is characterised by (4)

Answer 14

Delusions
Hallucinations
Though disorders
Emotional withdrawal