PBL

Question 1

What type of vaccines is to treat Haemophilus
influenzae type B.

Answer 1

subunit
Includes only the antigens that
best stimulate the immune
system.

Question 2

common causes of meningitis in newborn (3)

Answer 2

C roup B streptococci
E coli
Listeria

Question 3

Common causes of meningitis in children 6mon-6y/o (4)

Answer 3

S pneumoniae
N meningitidis
H inf/uenwe type b
Enteroviruses

Question 4

What empirical antibiotics drugs can be given when suspecting meningitis (3)

Answer 4

Give ceftriaxone and vancomycin empiri cally (add ampicill in if Listeria is suspected).

Question 5

viral causes of meningitis

Answer 5

enteroviruses (especially coxsackievirus), HSV-2 (IISV-1 = encephalitis), llIV, West Nile virus (also causes encephalitis), VZV.

Question 6

What CSF findings do you expect in a patient with bacterial meningitis?

Answer 6

Opening pressure: high
Cell type: PMNs increased
Protein: Increased
glucose: decreased

in fungal/TB same findings but the increased cell type is lymphocytes

Question 7

The most common causes of brain abscesses include____ (2)

Answer 7

viridans streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 8

What class is ceftriaxone and what is it MOA?

Answer 8

Cephalosporins
B-lactam drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
but are less susceptible to penicill inases.
Bactericidal.