Pavlov

Question 1

APFC

Answer 1

A - Exploring how salivation becomes associated with new stimuli apparently unrelated to food and the properties of the association
P - Dog in sealed room to prevent other stimuli, Tubes connected to mouth to measure saliva, Pavlov paired the sound (Metronome, neutral stimulus) with food to condition the dog
F - NS (sound) didn’t bring a salivatory response, After pairings it salivated after the NS, Extinction was seen as salivatory volume declined after repeated presentation of the CS (sound) without the UCS (food)
C - Pavlov discovered classical conditioning, that an NS could be paired with a UCS to produce a CS

Question 2

GRAVE

Answer 2

G - Weakness as it is an animal study. Humans have more complex brains. Humans aren’t strongly motivated to find food all the time, yet we may have other motives that can be conditioned.
R - Got different experimenters to observe the dog and measure saliva - inter-rater reliability
A - Aversion therapy, some success in addictions but not for others (homosexuality)
V - Extraneous variables reduced, soundproof chamber. Neutral stimuli tested to ensure they didn’t produce saliva before conditioning
E - Would be unethical keeping the dogs harnessed and without access to other animals but there were no ethical guidelines like this in 1927