Patterns of inheritance

Question 1

What is a mutagen?

Answer 1

A chemical or physical agent that has the ability to change our genetic code in a harmful way.

Question 2

What are the seven causes of chromosome mutation.

Answer 2

1. deletion
2. inversion
3. translocation
4. duplication
5. non-disjunction
6. aneuploidy
7. polyploidy

Question 3

Describe deletion.

Answer 3

A part of the chromosome, containing genes and regulatory sequences, is lost.

Question 4

Describe deletion mutation.

Answer 4

A part of the chromosome, containing genes and regulatory sequences, is lost.

Question 5

Describe inversion mutation.

Answer 5

An inversion occurs when a single chromosome undergoes breakage and rearrangement within itself. Although the genes are all still remaining however some may be too far away from their regulatory nucleotide sequence to be properly expressed.

Question 6

Describe duplication mutation.

Answer 6

Duplication is a type of mutation that involves the production of one or more copies of a gene or region of a chromosome.

Question 7

Describe non-disjunction mutation.

Answer 7

Nondisjunction means that a pair of homologous chromosomes has failed to separate or segregate at anaphase so that both chromosomes of the pair pass to the same daughter cell.

Question 8

Describe

Answer 8

1

Question 9

describe

Answer 9

2

Question 10

How does random mating and fusion of gametes contribution variation in genetics?

Answer 10

Random fusion and mating creates more genetic diversity.

Question 11

Describe how light and magnesium availability is evidenced by the leaves of a plant.

Answer 11

If plants in dim light after germination, or if there is an insufficient amount of magnesium in the soil will cause the plants to not develop enough chlorophyll and are discoloured, yellow or a yellow-white. chlorotic plants have the genotype for making chlorophyll, but environmental factors are preventing the expression of these genes.

Question 12

What is a monohybrid cross?

Answer 12

A monohybrid cross involves the pairing of two parent organisms with each other. It is the most simplistic cross only involving one characteristic with one pair of contrasting traits.

Question 13

What is a dihybrid cross?

Answer 13

Used to show inheritance of 2 diff characteristics, 2 genes at diff loci, >2 alleles on each

Question 14

Expected results of a heterozygous dihybrid cross

Answer 14

9:3:3:1