Patterns of Disease (Malaria, HIV, TB, diabetes+ Cardio Vascular Disease)

Question 1

What type of disease is Malaria? What parts of the world are cases concentrated in?

Answer 1

Infectious but not contagious

Concentrated in Africa, Latin America, S+SE Asia

Transmitted by the anopheles mosquitos which thrive in humid conditions

Question 2

How is malaria transmitted? Where does the disease thrive/struggle to thrive?

Answer 2

Transmitted by the anopheles mosquitos which thrive in warm, humid conditions

Absent from large urban areas in the tropics

Question 3

How many people are at risk of malaria?

Answer 3

3.2 billion

Question 4

What type of disease is HIV/AIDS? How is it spread?

Answer 4

An infectious and contagious disease

Spread by human bodily fluids like blood

Question 5

How many cases of HIV/AIDS are there worldwide? Where are cases concentrated?

Answer 5

38 million (2020)

Sub saharan Africa e.g. Nigeria and DRC (cases are +300 per thousand)

Question 6

What type of disease is tuberculosis? How many cases/deaths are there worldwide?

Answer 6

Infectious and highly contagious

10 million cases and 1.5 million deaths

Question 7

What is TB associated with?

Answer 7

Poverty and overcrowded living conditions

Question 8

Where do 95% of deaths from tuberculosis occur?

Answer 8

Africa

Question 9

TB mortality rates in Nigeria?

Answer 9

64/100 000

Question 10

Other areas where mortality rates from TB are high?

Answer 10

Parts of Asia like Cambodia and Myanmar

Question 11

What type of disease is diabetes? What is it caused by?

Answer 11

A non communicable disease

A deficiency in insulin due to either genetics (type 1) or lifestyle choices (type 2)

Question 12

How many people die from diabetes? Distribution of diabetes?

Answer 12

4.2 million per yr

Widespread in ACs, EDCs and LIDCs but its more strongly concentrated in N. America and E.+S. Asia