Patterns of disease globally Flashcards
Global burden of disease mortality 2019
Non communicable disease dominate diseases, 73.6% of global mortality - cancer, heart disease (CVD), alzheimers
Communicable disease (group 1) make up 18.4% of global mortality - maternal conditions and complications in pregnancy and childbirth, neonatal and nutritional deficiency and communicable disease
Injury made up 8% of global mortality - road injury
Leading causes of global mortality over time
Decrease in death numbers between 2000 and 2019
HIV came off the top 10 leading cause of death as new medications were developed meaning it does not progress to AIDs as commonly
Diabetes and alzheimers came onto the list increasing greatly (women account for 65% of alzheimers)
DALY - disability adjusted life years
Ideal health status: entire population lives to an advanced age free of disease and disability
A DALY is an integrated measure of health loss, sum of years of life lost and years lived with disability. One DALY represents loss of one year of life lived in full health
What is morbidity and mortality?
Morbidity: any departure from psychological or physiological well being
Mortality: a measure of the number of deaths in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of tim
Demographic and epidemiological transition theories
Demographic transition explains changes in population death and birth rates over time and growth and changing in populations over time
Epidemiological transition explains changes in population disease pattern over time, move form CD being the most dominant type of disease in population to NCD being the more dominant types of diseases in populations
Separate transitions that occur together
Compression of morbidity
Morbidity occurs later in life
Slow the progression from chronic disease to disability. Will create an increase in milder chronic disease but a decrease in the period of time a person experiences severe disability. Maintain function and improve wellbeing
