Patient Zero Flashcards
Where did HIV come from
Red capped mangabey & spotted nose guenon infect chimpanzees
What are the two hypothesis for dual recombination in chimpanzees
- transcribe gsn gene and then latch onto rcm
2. both integrated into chimpanzee genome and undergo recombination
When are vpu and nef produced and which is effective in humans
vpu: late stage antitherin effective in humans
nef: early stage antitherin not effective in humans due to 5 codon diff in tetherin
What is the cut-hunter hypothesis
blood transmission from cut when hunting for meat
How did HIV spread
From cameroon and travel along train and river routes to major cities
What are the 4 groups of HIV-1
M, N, O, P
Which is the major group of HIV
M
Which is the latest HIV group and which animal caused it
P from gorilla
What is HIV composed of
2x ssRNA positive strands not mRNA equivalent since capped at ends (segmented virus)
What are resting T cells
don’t express viral protein on MHC so infection not detected
What receptors do HIV bind to
CD4 and CCR5
What is viral synapse
When HIV virus does not leave the cell but rather move laterally from one cell to other to spread around
What is a provirus
viral genome that is integrated inside host DNA
What enzyme integrates provirus into human chromosome
integrase
What are lipid rafts
areas of lipids that help with membrane trafficking and viral exocytosis
